X-ray transparent testing of leaves from an artistic desk lamp

Abstract

For investigation of artistic components, generaly, there are many developed methods, but a lot of them still are not fully reliable or standardized. One of the available method for such investigation is radiographic testing, when the thickness of testing components does not represents a problem, whatever if the great or small thickness exists. Here is tested an artefact in the shape of desk lamp. The chemical composition of the body is analysed by using XRF spectrography while the radiographic transparent testing is applied through the whole body of the lamp. The body of this desk lamp is produced by casting, using the precise casting method, while other decorative ornaments were shaped by hammering. The fastening of those components is provided by brazing or mechanically. The plastic deformation is designated as method for shaping of thin elements – here leaves. The radiographic testing has revealed the existence of some indications only at leaves produced by hammering. The indications usualy mean discontinuity in material homogenity. Registration of indications and their locations are necessary steps in every further approach for removing such discontinuities. Chossing the repair method always is particular problem, however in entire technique, especially in sensitive artistic component(s). Every action in repairing or restauration may led to more or less visible traces. Unadequate actions may permanently change the appearance or usage of treated artefact.

Za ispitivanje umetničkih predmeta, uopšte, razvijene su brojne metode ali sve te metode još uvek nisu potpuno pouzdane ili standardizovane. Jedna od primenljivih metoda za ovakva ispitivanje je radiografsko ispitivanje, kada debljina ispitivanih delova ne predstavlja problem, bilo da se radi o velikoj ili maloj debljini. Ovde je ispitivan jedan umetnički predmet u obliku stolne lampe. Hemijski sastav tela je analiziran korišćenjem rendgenske spektrografske analize (XRF) dok je rendgensko prozračivanje upotrebljeno za snimanje celog tela lampe. Telo lampe je proizvedeno livenjem, korišćenjem metode preciznog liva, dok su ostali dekorativni ornamenti oblikovani kovanjem. Pričvršćivanje ostalih komponenti je izvedeno lemljenjem ili mehanički. Plastično deformisanje je označeno kao metoda oblikovanja tankih elemenata – ovde su to listovi. Radiografsko ispitivanje je otkrilo prisustvo izvesnih indikacija samo na listovima izrađenih kovanjem. Indikacije obično označavaju prekid u homogenosti materijala. Registrovanje indikacija i njihovo lociranje su neophodni koraci u svakom daljem pristupu u cilju uklanjanja takvih diskontinuiteta. Izbor metode repariranja uvek je poseban problem, dakako u celoj tehnici a posebno pri ispitivanju umetničkih komponenti. Svaka akcija u reparaciji ili restauraciji može dovesti do manje ili više vidljivih tragova. Neadekvatne akcije mogu za stalno da promene izgled ili upotrebu tretiranog artefakta.