MXenes as Alternative Plasmonic Coatings on 1D Photonic Crystals Platforms for Tamm Plasmon Polaritons

Abstract

New materials are of essential importance for the advancement of nanophotonics and nanoplasmonics. Numerous electromagnetic modes, especially various evanescent surface waves, prove themselves useful in multitudinous practical applications. Here we investigate the use of MXenes as alternative plasmonic materials in freestanding (substrateless) planar nanocomposites that support the existence of Tamm plasmon polaritons (TPP). We use finite element simulations to consider the influence of using MXenes on the propagation and distribution of TPP and the difference in their electromagnetic behavior compared to that of commonly used noble metals. While MXenes allow for somewhat weaker coupling between incident light and TPP, even the thinnest MXene layers practically completely screen the structure behind them. Our diffraction grating-enhanced stacks achieved incident light direction-dependent improvement of the coupling strength and polarization-dependent hybridization of electromagnetic states. MXene ensures improvements in functionality, especially spectral, directional, and polarization selectivity, by imparting rich modal behavior. Importantly, we observed high optical asymmetry of reflectance when illuminating the structures from opposite directions and obtained large high-to-low reflection ratios with a very small number of dielectric layers in the capping 1D photonic crystal. We conclude that MXenes represent a viable alternative for TPP-supporting structures, offering many advantages.