Advanced hybrid composite coatings based on calcium phosphate on titanium for potential biomedical applications

Abstract

This paper deals with the issue of defining a new method of anodizing/anaphoretic deposition for the application of calcium phosphate and hybrid coatings based on calcium phosphate ceramics on titanium and anodized titanium coatings with improved properties. Hybrid coatings consisted of chitosan oligolactate (ChOL) and ChOL with Se as immunomodulatory oligoelement. The paper contributes to solving the problem of multi-stage pre-treatment and posttreatment of titanium and oxidized titanium surface to obtain a coating on the substrate, adhesion of the coating, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties that occur in biomaterials, as well as reduced immune inflammatory response of the organism. It primarily deals with the creation and optimization of a new in situ anodizing/anaphoretic deposition process for obtaining multifunctional composite biomaterials. The in situ method results in improved adhesion bioactive coating, increased bioactivity and biocompatibility with increased antimicrobial properties and absence of cytotoxicity. The studied biomaterials have improved properties such as: corrosion resistance, absence of toxicity to the human body and adequate strength, which enables their potential use in medicine and dentistry. The aim of the research was to define new in situ anodizing/anaphoretic deposition process and adequate modification of process parameters for application of composite calcium phosphate coatings on titanium and its alloys, wherein innovation is reflected in combining calcium phosphate coating synthesis and surface modification by partially incorporating a ceramic coating into the crystalline structure of the substrate. The characterization of the coatings obtained in this manner was performed by various physico-chemical, biochemical and biological methods. These characterization techniques included: AFM, SEM, FE-SEM, roughness testing, XRD, FTIR, bioactivity, biocompatibility, cytotoxicity, antimicrobial activity and in vivo testing.