Terpene relationships among some soft and hard pine species

Abstract

In this study we have reported the chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from the needles of twelve Pinus taxa, belonging to the subgenera Pinus (sections Pinus and Trifoliae) and Strobus (sect. Quinquefoliae). Monoterpenes dominated over sesquiterpenes in most of the investigated taxa of both subgenera, except in representatives of the subsection Pinaster, subgenus Pinus. α-Pinene was the most abundant terpene in eight pines, but other dominant terpenes were found in some taxa - trans-caryophyllene, germacrene D, abietadiene and β-pinene. In the subsect. Pinaster, the most dominant compounds varied from species to species. In addition, P. halepensis and P. pinaster had the highest percentage of diterpenes, while P. heldreichii was the richest in germacrene D. In the PCA and cluster analyses, three species from the subsect. Pinaster emerged as the most distant: P. halepensis, P. pinaster, and P. heldreichii. In addition, the possible taxonomic implications of the terpene profile in the analysed Pinus taxa were also discussed.

U ovom proučavanju objavili smo hemijski sastav etarskih ulja dobijenih iz iglica 12 taksona roda Pinus, koji pripadaju podrodovima Pinus (sekcije Pinus i Trifoliae) i Strobus (sekcija Quinquefoliae). U većini istraživanih taksona monoterpeni dominiraju nad seskviterpenima kod oba podroda, osim kod uzoraka podsekcije Pinaster podroda Pinus. α-Pinen je najobilniji kod 8 borova, ali kod nekih taksona dominantni su trans-kariofilen, germakren D, abietadien i β-pinen. U subcekciji Pinaster dominantne komponente variraju od vrste do vrste. Nadalje, P. halepensis i P. pinaster imaju najveći procenat diterpena, dok je P. heldreichii najbogatiji u germakrenu D. U PCA i klaster analizama pokazale su se najudaljenije tri vrste subsekcije Pinaster: P. halepensis, P. pinaster i P. heldreichii. Nadalje, u analiziranim vrstama roda Pinus diskutovane su moguće taksonomske implikacije terpenskog profila.