Implementation of the chicot–lesage composite hardness model in a determination of absolute hardness of copper coatings obtained by the electrodeposition processes
Authors
Mladenović, Ivana
Lamovec, Jelena

Vasiljević-Radović, Dana

Vasilić, Rastko

Radojević, Vesna

Nikolić, Nebojša D.

Article (Published version)
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The influence of various electrolysis parameters, such as the type of cathode, composition of the electrolyte and electrolysis time, on the morphology, structure and hardness of copper coatings has been investigated. Morphology and structure of the coatings were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), while coating hardness was examined by Vickers microindentation test applying the Chicot–Lesage (C–L) composite hardness model. Depending on the conditions of electrolysis, two types of Cu coatings were obtained: fine-grained mat coatings with a strong (220) preferred orientation from the sulfate electrolyte and smooth mirror bright coatings with a strong (200) preferred orientation from the electrolyte with added leveling/brightening additives. The mat coatings showed larger both measured composite and calculated coating hardness than the mirror bright coatings, that can be explained by the phenomena on boundary among gra...ins. Independent of electrolysis conditions, the critical relative indentation depth (RID) of 0.14 was established for all types of the Cu coatings, separating the zone in which the composite hardness can be equaled with the coating hardness and the zone requiring an application of the C–L model for a determination of the absolute hardness of the Cu coatings.
Keywords:
AFM / Composite hardness model / Copper / Electrodeposition / Hardness / SEM / The Chicot–Lesage model / XRDSource:
Metals, 2021, 11, 11, 1807-Publisher:
- MDPI
Funding / projects:
- Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Republic of Serbia, Grant no. 200026 (University of Belgrade, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy - IChTM) (RS-200026)
- Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Republic of Serbia, Grant no. 200135 (University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy) (RS-200135)
DOI: 10.3390/met11111807
ISSN: 2075-4701
WoS: 000727342400001
Scopus: 2-s2.0-85118720313
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IHTMTY - JOUR AU - Mladenović, Ivana AU - Lamovec, Jelena AU - Vasiljević-Radović, Dana AU - Vasilić, Rastko AU - Radojević, Vesna AU - Nikolić, Nebojša D. PY - 2021 UR - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4872 AB - The influence of various electrolysis parameters, such as the type of cathode, composition of the electrolyte and electrolysis time, on the morphology, structure and hardness of copper coatings has been investigated. Morphology and structure of the coatings were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), while coating hardness was examined by Vickers microindentation test applying the Chicot–Lesage (C–L) composite hardness model. Depending on the conditions of electrolysis, two types of Cu coatings were obtained: fine-grained mat coatings with a strong (220) preferred orientation from the sulfate electrolyte and smooth mirror bright coatings with a strong (200) preferred orientation from the electrolyte with added leveling/brightening additives. The mat coatings showed larger both measured composite and calculated coating hardness than the mirror bright coatings, that can be explained by the phenomena on boundary among grains. Independent of electrolysis conditions, the critical relative indentation depth (RID) of 0.14 was established for all types of the Cu coatings, separating the zone in which the composite hardness can be equaled with the coating hardness and the zone requiring an application of the C–L model for a determination of the absolute hardness of the Cu coatings. PB - MDPI T2 - Metals T1 - Implementation of the chicot–lesage composite hardness model in a determination of absolute hardness of copper coatings obtained by the electrodeposition processes VL - 11 IS - 11 SP - 1807 DO - 10.3390/met11111807 ER -
@article{ author = "Mladenović, Ivana and Lamovec, Jelena and Vasiljević-Radović, Dana and Vasilić, Rastko and Radojević, Vesna and Nikolić, Nebojša D.", year = "2021", abstract = "The influence of various electrolysis parameters, such as the type of cathode, composition of the electrolyte and electrolysis time, on the morphology, structure and hardness of copper coatings has been investigated. Morphology and structure of the coatings were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), while coating hardness was examined by Vickers microindentation test applying the Chicot–Lesage (C–L) composite hardness model. Depending on the conditions of electrolysis, two types of Cu coatings were obtained: fine-grained mat coatings with a strong (220) preferred orientation from the sulfate electrolyte and smooth mirror bright coatings with a strong (200) preferred orientation from the electrolyte with added leveling/brightening additives. The mat coatings showed larger both measured composite and calculated coating hardness than the mirror bright coatings, that can be explained by the phenomena on boundary among grains. Independent of electrolysis conditions, the critical relative indentation depth (RID) of 0.14 was established for all types of the Cu coatings, separating the zone in which the composite hardness can be equaled with the coating hardness and the zone requiring an application of the C–L model for a determination of the absolute hardness of the Cu coatings.", publisher = "MDPI", journal = "Metals", title = "Implementation of the chicot–lesage composite hardness model in a determination of absolute hardness of copper coatings obtained by the electrodeposition processes", volume = "11", number = "11", pages = "1807", doi = "10.3390/met11111807" }
Mladenović, I., Lamovec, J., Vasiljević-Radović, D., Vasilić, R., Radojević, V.,& Nikolić, N. D.. (2021). Implementation of the chicot–lesage composite hardness model in a determination of absolute hardness of copper coatings obtained by the electrodeposition processes. in Metals MDPI., 11(11), 1807. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11111807
Mladenović I, Lamovec J, Vasiljević-Radović D, Vasilić R, Radojević V, Nikolić ND. Implementation of the chicot–lesage composite hardness model in a determination of absolute hardness of copper coatings obtained by the electrodeposition processes. in Metals. 2021;11(11):1807. doi:10.3390/met11111807 .
Mladenović, Ivana, Lamovec, Jelena, Vasiljević-Radović, Dana, Vasilić, Rastko, Radojević, Vesna, Nikolić, Nebojša D., "Implementation of the chicot–lesage composite hardness model in a determination of absolute hardness of copper coatings obtained by the electrodeposition processes" in Metals, 11, no. 11 (2021):1807, https://doi.org/10.3390/met11111807 . .