Chemical composition of hyssop cv. 'Domaći ljubičasti' essential oil and its antimicrobial activity

Abstract

Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L., Lamiaceae) is a perennial shrub or subshrub violet-blue flowers in verticillasters and spicy taste with a pungent flavour. Besides being used as a culinary herb for flavouring and food preservation, this plant is also an ornamental, bee attracting plant and a traditional remedy for respiratory diseases and digestive disturbances. Hyssop is an essential oil-bearing plant, and its essential oil (Hyssopi aetheroleum) is used in the pharmaceutical, perfume and cosmetics industries as well as in aromatherapy. The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition of essential oil of hyssop CV. "Domaći ljubičasti", grown in Serbia, and investigate its antimicrobial activity against 16 bacteria, mainly pathogens in the food industry. A total of 61 compounds were detected in the hyssop essential oil. The bicyclic monoterpene ketones CIS-pinocamphone (43.8%) and trans-pinocamphone (18.3%) were the most abundant, comprising 62.1%, followed by b-pinene (6.3%) and pinocarvone (6.1%). Hyssop essential oil expressed antibacterial activity against: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Proteus hauseri, Listeria monocytogenes, Rhodococcus equi, Listeria ivanovii, Salmonella Enteritidis, Enterococcus faecalis, Listeria innocua and Bacillus spizizenii. Hyssop essential oil did not express antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella Typhimurium, Klebsiella aerogenes and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Results of this study show that hyssop essential oil has potential for using as natural supplement for control of foodborne diseases of microbiological origin, as well as flavor compositions (herbaceous, camphor-like odour with warm and spicy undernotes), especially for meat products, sauces, soups and seasonings.

Miloduh (Hyssopus officinalis L., Lamiaceae) je višegodišnji žbun ili polužbun aromatičnog i oštrog mirisa zbog čega se koristi kao začinska biljka. Takođe je i ukrasna i medonosna biljka, ali i tradicionalni lek za bolesti organa za disanje i kod poremećaja varenja. Miloduh je cenjena eterično-aromatična biljka, a etarsko ulje se koristi u farmaceutskoj, parfimerijskoj i kozmetičkoj industriji kao i aromaterapiji. Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio da se determiniše hemijski sastav etarskog ulja miloduha kultivara „Domaći ljubičasti“ gajenog u Srbiji, i da se ispita antimikrobna aktivnost na 16 bakterija, uglavnom patogena u prehrambenoj industriji. Ukupno 61 komponenta je detektovana u etarskom ulju, pri čemu su monoterpenski ketoni cis-pinokamfon (43.8%) i trans-pinokamfon (18.3%) bili najzastupljeniji, čineći 62.1%, a potom slede β-pinen i pinokarvon. Etarsko ulje miloduha je ispoljilo antibakterijsku aktivnost na: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Proteus hauseri, Listeria monocytogenes, Rhodococcus equi, Listeria ivanovii, Salmonella Enteritidis, Enterococcus faecalis, Listeria innocua i Bacillus spizizenii, dok nije delovalo na Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella Typhimurium, Klebsiella aerogenes i Staphylococcus epidermidis.