Diatoms on the green frogs skin (Pelophylax esculentus and P. ridibundus)
Authors
Krizmanić, Jelena
Vidaković, Danijela

Stupar, Miloš

Ljaljević Grbić, Milica

Krizmanić, Imre

Stamenković, Srđan
Breka, Katarina
Conference object (Published version)
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It is known that diatoms may be present on the skin of various animals (whales, dolphins, manatees, turtles…) (Frankovich et al. 2015, Wetzel et al. 2012). In our study diatoms were collected from the skin of two green frogs’ species: Pelophylax esculentus and P. ridibundus. Studied frogs were captured from the Special Nature Reserve “Deliblatska Pescara” at the locality Stevanove ravnice (Vojvodina province, Serbia). Two sampling methods were performed: (1) nonaggressive adhesive tape method (Urzì and de Leo 2001) and (2) scraping by toothbrush. In laboratory conditions, samples taken by the first method were stained with a drop of Lactophenol Cotton Blue and put on slides to be analyzed. Samples taken by the second method were treated by hot HCl and KMnO4 (Taylor et al. 2005) in order to obtain permanent slides. Light microscope observations and micrographs were made by Zeiss AxioImagerM.1 microscope with DIC optics (x1000 and x1600 magnification) and AxioVision 4.8 software.
The ...present study describes diversity of diatoms from the green frog skin. According to literature data no studies have been published on diatoms living on the frog skin.
Analysis of adhesive tape samples confirmed the presence of live diatom cells on the frog skin. Among them the most abundant were taxa from the genera Cocconeis, Epithemia, Gomphonema, Navicula and Rhopalodia. Presence of c. 30 diatom genera, such as Amphora, Craticula, Cymbella, Cymbopleura, Cymatopleura, Diploneis, Encyonema, Epithemia, Fallacia, Gomphonema, Luticola, Navicula, Neidium, Nitzschia, Pinnularia, Planothidium, Rhopalodia, Staurosira, Surirella, etc., was observed on permanent slides. The most dominant taxa were: Geissleria decussis sensu lato, Placoneis sp., Lemnicola hungarica, Cocconeis placentula var. lineate and Sellaphora bacillum.
We consider that the great diversity and abundance of diatoms is consequence of their transfer from the environment (mud and macrophytes from eutrophic ponds) onto mucous frog skin. Highly mucous skin is an excellent environment which enables primary conditions for the survival of diatoms. Future research, especially under laboratory conditions, could show whether the frog skin is permanent or temporary diatom habitat.
Keywords:
diatoms / ecology / diatom habitat / samplingSource:
Programme and abstract book - 11th Central European Diatom Meeting, 2017, 114-114Publisher:
- Prague : Charles University in Prague
Funding / projects:
- Monitoring and Modeling of Rivers and Reservoirs (MORE) - Physical, Chemical, Biological and Morphodynamic Parameters (RS-37009)
- Rufford project No. 19434-1
Institution/Community
IHTMTY - CONF AU - Krizmanić, Jelena AU - Vidaković, Danijela AU - Stupar, Miloš AU - Ljaljević Grbić, Milica AU - Krizmanić, Imre AU - Stamenković, Srđan AU - Breka, Katarina PY - 2017 UR - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4646 AB - It is known that diatoms may be present on the skin of various animals (whales, dolphins, manatees, turtles…) (Frankovich et al. 2015, Wetzel et al. 2012). In our study diatoms were collected from the skin of two green frogs’ species: Pelophylax esculentus and P. ridibundus. Studied frogs were captured from the Special Nature Reserve “Deliblatska Pescara” at the locality Stevanove ravnice (Vojvodina province, Serbia). Two sampling methods were performed: (1) nonaggressive adhesive tape method (Urzì and de Leo 2001) and (2) scraping by toothbrush. In laboratory conditions, samples taken by the first method were stained with a drop of Lactophenol Cotton Blue and put on slides to be analyzed. Samples taken by the second method were treated by hot HCl and KMnO4 (Taylor et al. 2005) in order to obtain permanent slides. Light microscope observations and micrographs were made by Zeiss AxioImagerM.1 microscope with DIC optics (x1000 and x1600 magnification) and AxioVision 4.8 software. The present study describes diversity of diatoms from the green frog skin. According to literature data no studies have been published on diatoms living on the frog skin. Analysis of adhesive tape samples confirmed the presence of live diatom cells on the frog skin. Among them the most abundant were taxa from the genera Cocconeis, Epithemia, Gomphonema, Navicula and Rhopalodia. Presence of c. 30 diatom genera, such as Amphora, Craticula, Cymbella, Cymbopleura, Cymatopleura, Diploneis, Encyonema, Epithemia, Fallacia, Gomphonema, Luticola, Navicula, Neidium, Nitzschia, Pinnularia, Planothidium, Rhopalodia, Staurosira, Surirella, etc., was observed on permanent slides. The most dominant taxa were: Geissleria decussis sensu lato, Placoneis sp., Lemnicola hungarica, Cocconeis placentula var. lineate and Sellaphora bacillum. We consider that the great diversity and abundance of diatoms is consequence of their transfer from the environment (mud and macrophytes from eutrophic ponds) onto mucous frog skin. Highly mucous skin is an excellent environment which enables primary conditions for the survival of diatoms. Future research, especially under laboratory conditions, could show whether the frog skin is permanent or temporary diatom habitat. PB - Prague : Charles University in Prague C3 - Programme and abstract book - 11th Central European Diatom Meeting T1 - Diatoms on the green frogs skin (Pelophylax esculentus and P. ridibundus) SP - 114 EP - 114 UR - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_4646 ER -
@conference{ author = "Krizmanić, Jelena and Vidaković, Danijela and Stupar, Miloš and Ljaljević Grbić, Milica and Krizmanić, Imre and Stamenković, Srđan and Breka, Katarina", year = "2017", abstract = "It is known that diatoms may be present on the skin of various animals (whales, dolphins, manatees, turtles…) (Frankovich et al. 2015, Wetzel et al. 2012). In our study diatoms were collected from the skin of two green frogs’ species: Pelophylax esculentus and P. ridibundus. Studied frogs were captured from the Special Nature Reserve “Deliblatska Pescara” at the locality Stevanove ravnice (Vojvodina province, Serbia). Two sampling methods were performed: (1) nonaggressive adhesive tape method (Urzì and de Leo 2001) and (2) scraping by toothbrush. In laboratory conditions, samples taken by the first method were stained with a drop of Lactophenol Cotton Blue and put on slides to be analyzed. Samples taken by the second method were treated by hot HCl and KMnO4 (Taylor et al. 2005) in order to obtain permanent slides. Light microscope observations and micrographs were made by Zeiss AxioImagerM.1 microscope with DIC optics (x1000 and x1600 magnification) and AxioVision 4.8 software. The present study describes diversity of diatoms from the green frog skin. According to literature data no studies have been published on diatoms living on the frog skin. Analysis of adhesive tape samples confirmed the presence of live diatom cells on the frog skin. Among them the most abundant were taxa from the genera Cocconeis, Epithemia, Gomphonema, Navicula and Rhopalodia. Presence of c. 30 diatom genera, such as Amphora, Craticula, Cymbella, Cymbopleura, Cymatopleura, Diploneis, Encyonema, Epithemia, Fallacia, Gomphonema, Luticola, Navicula, Neidium, Nitzschia, Pinnularia, Planothidium, Rhopalodia, Staurosira, Surirella, etc., was observed on permanent slides. The most dominant taxa were: Geissleria decussis sensu lato, Placoneis sp., Lemnicola hungarica, Cocconeis placentula var. lineate and Sellaphora bacillum. We consider that the great diversity and abundance of diatoms is consequence of their transfer from the environment (mud and macrophytes from eutrophic ponds) onto mucous frog skin. Highly mucous skin is an excellent environment which enables primary conditions for the survival of diatoms. Future research, especially under laboratory conditions, could show whether the frog skin is permanent or temporary diatom habitat.", publisher = "Prague : Charles University in Prague", journal = "Programme and abstract book - 11th Central European Diatom Meeting", title = "Diatoms on the green frogs skin (Pelophylax esculentus and P. ridibundus)", pages = "114-114", url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_4646" }
Krizmanić, J., Vidaković, D., Stupar, M., Ljaljević Grbić, M., Krizmanić, I., Stamenković, S.,& Breka, K.. (2017). Diatoms on the green frogs skin (Pelophylax esculentus and P. ridibundus). in Programme and abstract book - 11th Central European Diatom Meeting Prague : Charles University in Prague., 114-114. https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_4646
Krizmanić J, Vidaković D, Stupar M, Ljaljević Grbić M, Krizmanić I, Stamenković S, Breka K. Diatoms on the green frogs skin (Pelophylax esculentus and P. ridibundus). in Programme and abstract book - 11th Central European Diatom Meeting. 2017;:114-114. https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_4646 .
Krizmanić, Jelena, Vidaković, Danijela, Stupar, Miloš, Ljaljević Grbić, Milica, Krizmanić, Imre, Stamenković, Srđan, Breka, Katarina, "Diatoms on the green frogs skin (Pelophylax esculentus and P. ridibundus)" in Programme and abstract book - 11th Central European Diatom Meeting (2017):114-114, https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_4646 .