Innovative environmentally friendly technology for copper(II) hydroxide production

Abstract

The innovative laboratory procedure for the synthesis of copper(II) hydroxide in the form of the aqueous suspension was developed. The reaction mechanism consists of the reaction between copper(II) sulphate pentahydrate and sodium carbonate by successive ion exchange of carbonate ions with the hydroxide ones in a multistep process. Production of copper(II) carbonate and sodium sulphate by reacting of copper(II) sulphate with sodium carbonate was followed by addition of sodium hydroxide solution whereby the product, copper(II) hydroxide, was obtained by releasing an equimolar amount of sodium carbonate. It was determined that, the equimolar reaction of copper(II) sulphate and sodium hydroxide lead to the maximal reactants exploitation. Sodium phosphate, formed in the final process stage by addition of 10 % phosphoric acid solution, acted as a copper(II) hydroxide stabilizer. High yield of the product was obtained by optimizing the synthesis parameters: reaction time, molar ratio of reactants and the reaction temperature. The obtained product was formulated to obtain a commercial product, which is used as a fungicide and bactericide.

U radu je predstavljena inovativna laboratorijska procedura za sintezu bakar(II)-hidroksida u obliku vodene suspenzije. Procedura se zasniva na reakciji između bakar(II)-sulfata pentahidrata i natrijum-hidroksida. Mehanizam reakcije se sastoji iz sukcesivne jonske izmene karbonatnih jona sa hidroksidnim jonima i odvija se u više stupnjeva. Prvi stupanj predstavlja proizvodnju bakar(II)-karbonata i natrijum-sulfata reakcijom bakar(II)-sulfata sa natrijum-karbonatom, nakon čega sledi dodavanje rastvora natrijum-hidroksida, pri čemu se proizvod, bakar(II)-hidroksid, dobija oslobađanjem ekvimolarne količine natrijum-karbonata. Potom sledi ekvimolarna reakcija bakar(II)-sulfata i natrijum-hidroksida koja dovodi do maksimalnog iskorišćenja reaktanata. Natrijum fosfat, formiran u završnoj fazi procesa dodavanjem 10 % rastvora fosforne kiseline, deluje kao stabilizator bakar(II)-hidroksida. Visok prinos proizvoda dobija se optimizacijom parametara sinteze: vremena reakcije, molarnog odnosa reaktanata i temperature reakcije, a sam proizvod je formulisan radi dobijanja komercijalnog proizvoda koji se koristi kao fungicid i baktericid.