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Mechanochemical synthesis of CaO·ZnO·K2CO3 catalyst: Characterization and activity for methanolysis of sunflower oil

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Authors
Kesić, Željka
Lukić, Ivana
Zdujić, Miodrag
Jovalekić, Čedomir
Liu, Hui
Skala, Dejan
Article (Published version)
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Abstract
The goal of this study was to prepare a CaO·ZnO catalyst containing a small amount of K2CO3 and analyze its activity for biodiesel synthesis. The catalyst was prepared using the following procedure: CaO and ZnO (mole ratio of 1:2), water and K2CO3 (in various amounts) were mechanochemically treated and after milling heated at 700 °C in air atmosphere for obtaining mixed CaO·ZnO/xK2CO3 oxides (x = 0, 1, 2 and 4 mol of K2CO3 per 10 mol of CaO). All the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), inductively coupled plasma (ICP), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), particle size laser diffraction (PSLD) distribution, solubility measurement of Ca, Zn and K ions in methanol as well as by determination of their alkalinity (Hammett Indicator method). Prepared CaO·ZnO/xK2CO3 composite powders were tested as catalysts for methanolysis of sunflower... oil at 70 °C using mole ratio of sunflower oil to methanol of 1:10 and with 2 mass% of catalyst based on oil weight. The presence of K2CO3 in prepared samples was found to increase the activity of catalyst, and that such effect is caused by homogeneous-heterogeneous catalysis of biodiesel synthesis. © 2015, CI and CEQ. All Rights Reserved.

Keywords:
biodiesel synthesis / CaO / K2CO3 / mechanochemical synthesis / mixed oxides / ZnO
Source:
Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly, 2015, 21, 1, 1-12
Publisher:
  • Belgrade: Association of the Chemical Engineers of Serbia
Projects:
  • Nanostructured Functional and Composite Materials in Catalytic and Sorption Processes (RS-45001)

DOI: 10.2298/CICEQ131026041K

ISSN: 1451-9372

WoS: 000354755400001

Scopus: 2-s2.0-84946185788
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URI
http://dais.sanu.ac.rs/123456789/3542
http://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2606
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