Strong in Vitro Cytotoxic Potential of New Ruthenium-Cymene Complexes
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2015
Authors
Nikolic, Stefan
Opsenica, Dejan

Filipović, Vuk

Dojčinović, Biljana

Arandelovic, Sandra
Radulovic, Singa
Grgurić-Šipka, Sanja

Article (Published version)

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Two p-cymenerutheniumchlorido complexes with thiourea derivative of 7-chloroquinoline (C1) and pyridine-3-imidazole (C2) were synthesized starting from [(eta(6)-p-cymene)RuCl2](2) and corresponding ligands. The structures of complexes were determined with elemental analysis and IR, ESIMS, H-1 and C-13{H-1} NMR, and 2D H-1-N-15 correlation NMR spectroscopy. Cytotoxic activities examined by the MTT assay were performed in five human neoplastic cell lines (HeLa, K562, A549, MDA-MB-231, EA.hy926) and one nontumor human fetal lung fibroblast cell line (MRC-5). Tested complexes exhibited low micromolar activities with IC50 in the range 11.03-56.45 mu M, while ligands L1 and L2 were significantly less active. Complex C1 showed cytoselective activity toward the K562 cell line (IC50 = 11.03 +/- 1.39 mu M) and was 3 times less active against the nontumor MRC-5 cell line. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that complexes C1 and C2 after 24 h treatment caused a concentration-dependent increase of t...he apoptotic sub-G1 fraction (up to 18.4%), comparable to cis-diamminedichloridoplatinum(II) (cisplatin, CDDP), although without other substantial alterations of the cell cycle. A drug-accumulation and DNA-binding study performed by ICP-MS in the K562 cell line revealed that complex C1 had a high intracellular uptake (1.38 mu g Ru/10 (6) cells), which significantly exceeded the intracellular uptake levels of CDDP (0.29 mu g Pt/10 (6) cells) and C2 (0.08 mu g Ru/10 (6) cells). However, both ruthenium complexes C1 and C2 bind to cellular DNA less efficiently in comparison to CDDP. The structure-activity relationship clearly suggested that introduction of a 7-chloroquinoline moiety in the ruthenium(II)-p-cymene complex significantly contributed to the intracellular uptake of C1 and higher cytotoxicity and cytoselectivity.
Source:
Organometallics, 2015, 34, 14, 3464-3473Publisher:
- Amer Chemical Soc, Washington
Projects:
- Rational design and synthesis of biologically active and coordination compounds and functional materials, relevant for (bio)nanotechnology (RS-172035)
- The synthesis of aminoquinoline-based antimalarials and botulinum neurotoxin A inhibitors (RS-172008)
- Pharmacodynamic and pharmacogenomic research of new drugs in the treatment of solid tumors (RS-41026)
- Reinforcement of the Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, towards becoming a Center of Excellence in the region of WB for Molecular Biotechnology and Food research (EU-256716)
DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00041
ISSN: 0276-7333