Bioactive Compounds of Endemic Species Sideritis raeseri subsp raeseri Grown in National Park Galicica

Abstract

Collection of Sideritis raeseri subsp. raeseri has a long tradition in local communities in the Ohrid-Prespa region. The aim of the present study was the analysis of bioactive compounds especially those with anti-inflammatory activity. Combination of the UV and MS data allowed the characterization of 17 compounds, which could be classified into flavonoid glycosides or hydroxycynnamic acid derivatives. Six of them were isolated using preparative HPLC: isoscutellarein 7-O-[6'''-O-acetyl-beta-D-allopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside, 4'-O-methylhypolaetin 7-O-[6'''-O-acetyl-beta-D-allopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside, hypolaetin 7-O-[6'''-O-acetyl-beta-D-allopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)]-6 ''-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, 4'-O-methylisoscutellarein 7-O-[6'''-O-acetyl-beta-D-allopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside, isoscutellarein 7-O-[6'''-O-acetyl-beta-D-allopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)]-6 ''-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside and 4'-O-methylhypolaetin 7-O-[6'''-O-acetyl-beta-D-allopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)]-6 ''-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside. The presence of phenylpropanoid glycoside martynoside was reported for the first time in the wild growing S. raeseri subsp. raeseri. Hypolaetin derivatives, known for their antiinflammatory activity, dominated and were more abundant in S. raeseri subsp. raeseri grown in NPG in comparison with S. scardica grown nearby the NPG. The type of solvent affected distribution and the amount of bioactive compounds and the advantage was given to less polar extracts which were richer in hypolaetin derivatives.