State of the Art and Challenges in Development of Electrical Contact Materials in the Light of the RoHS Directive
Апстракт
The article surveys current state of the art and challenges in the development of the electrical contact materials in the light of the EU Directive on Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS). The focus was placed on widely used silver-cadmium alloys. According to this directive, as of July 1, 2006, use of six hazardous materials, including cadmium, are restricted for applicable electrical and electronic products intended for the EU market. In contrast, traditionally preferred material for production of electrical contacts is Ag-CdO, due to its outstanding functional properties. These conflicting interests result in present state where RoHS directive has not yet been implemented in its original form and has undergone numerous amendments and exceptions regarding the use of cadmium. Main reason for this seems to be the unrealistic time frame imposed by legislation. Although, significant effort has been put into research and development of alternative materials, there are still cases wh...ere adequate replacement materials had not been found. Therefore, importance of synchronicity between legislation and technological progress i.e. communication between legislative administration and industry and academia is brought to light as well as some common issues that may arise with an introduction of new replacement materials or product modification.
Кључне речи:
Electrical contacts / RoHS / Ag-CdOИзвор:
Science of Sintering, 2012, 44, 2, 245-253Издавач:
- International Institute for the Science of Sintering, Beograd
Финансирање / пројекти:
- Савремени вишекомпонентни метални системи и наноструктурни материјали са различитим функционалним својствима (RS-172037)
- Развој технолошких процеса прераде нестандардних концентрата бакра у циљу оптимизације емисије загађујућих материја (RS-34023)
DOI: 10.2298/SOS1202135C
ISSN: 0350-820X
WoS: 000318148600012
Scopus: 2-s2.0-84866354288
Институција/група
IHTMTY - JOUR AU - Ćosović, Vladan AU - Cosovic, A. AU - Talijan, Nadežda M. AU - Živković, Dragana AU - Zivkovic, Z. PY - 2012 UR - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1068 AB - The article surveys current state of the art and challenges in the development of the electrical contact materials in the light of the EU Directive on Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS). The focus was placed on widely used silver-cadmium alloys. According to this directive, as of July 1, 2006, use of six hazardous materials, including cadmium, are restricted for applicable electrical and electronic products intended for the EU market. In contrast, traditionally preferred material for production of electrical contacts is Ag-CdO, due to its outstanding functional properties. These conflicting interests result in present state where RoHS directive has not yet been implemented in its original form and has undergone numerous amendments and exceptions regarding the use of cadmium. Main reason for this seems to be the unrealistic time frame imposed by legislation. Although, significant effort has been put into research and development of alternative materials, there are still cases where adequate replacement materials had not been found. Therefore, importance of synchronicity between legislation and technological progress i.e. communication between legislative administration and industry and academia is brought to light as well as some common issues that may arise with an introduction of new replacement materials or product modification. PB - International Institute for the Science of Sintering, Beograd T2 - Science of Sintering T1 - State of the Art and Challenges in Development of Electrical Contact Materials in the Light of the RoHS Directive VL - 44 IS - 2 SP - 245 EP - 253 DO - 10.2298/SOS1202135C ER -
@article{ author = "Ćosović, Vladan and Cosovic, A. and Talijan, Nadežda M. and Živković, Dragana and Zivkovic, Z.", year = "2012", abstract = "The article surveys current state of the art and challenges in the development of the electrical contact materials in the light of the EU Directive on Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS). The focus was placed on widely used silver-cadmium alloys. According to this directive, as of July 1, 2006, use of six hazardous materials, including cadmium, are restricted for applicable electrical and electronic products intended for the EU market. In contrast, traditionally preferred material for production of electrical contacts is Ag-CdO, due to its outstanding functional properties. These conflicting interests result in present state where RoHS directive has not yet been implemented in its original form and has undergone numerous amendments and exceptions regarding the use of cadmium. Main reason for this seems to be the unrealistic time frame imposed by legislation. Although, significant effort has been put into research and development of alternative materials, there are still cases where adequate replacement materials had not been found. Therefore, importance of synchronicity between legislation and technological progress i.e. communication between legislative administration and industry and academia is brought to light as well as some common issues that may arise with an introduction of new replacement materials or product modification.", publisher = "International Institute for the Science of Sintering, Beograd", journal = "Science of Sintering", title = "State of the Art and Challenges in Development of Electrical Contact Materials in the Light of the RoHS Directive", volume = "44", number = "2", pages = "245-253", doi = "10.2298/SOS1202135C" }
Ćosović, V., Cosovic, A., Talijan, N. M., Živković, D.,& Zivkovic, Z.. (2012). State of the Art and Challenges in Development of Electrical Contact Materials in the Light of the RoHS Directive. in Science of Sintering International Institute for the Science of Sintering, Beograd., 44(2), 245-253. https://doi.org/10.2298/SOS1202135C
Ćosović V, Cosovic A, Talijan NM, Živković D, Zivkovic Z. State of the Art and Challenges in Development of Electrical Contact Materials in the Light of the RoHS Directive. in Science of Sintering. 2012;44(2):245-253. doi:10.2298/SOS1202135C .
Ćosović, Vladan, Cosovic, A., Talijan, Nadežda M., Živković, Dragana, Zivkovic, Z., "State of the Art and Challenges in Development of Electrical Contact Materials in the Light of the RoHS Directive" in Science of Sintering, 44, no. 2 (2012):245-253, https://doi.org/10.2298/SOS1202135C . .