TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nikolić, Daliborka
AU  - Seidel, Carsten
AU  - Felischak, Matthias
AU  - Miličić, Tamara
AU  - Kienle, Achim
AU  - Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas
AU  - Petkovska, Menka
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4813
AB  - In this two-part paper a comprehensive study of the potential to improve performance criteria of a methanol synthesis reactor through forced periodical operations is presented. The study uses the Nonlinear Frequency Response method, a powerful analytical and approximate tool which gives an answer whether and under which conditions certain periodic operation would lead to improvement of process performance. To demonstrate the method, isothermal and isobaric methanol synthesis in a lab-scale CSTR is considered. In Part I, the analysis is performed for single input modulations. Partial pressures of each reactant in the feed stream and the total inlet volumetric flow-rate are considered as possible modulated inputs. The results show that modulations of single inputs essentially do not provide potential for significant improvements. In Part II, the study will be extended to analysis of periodic operations with simultaneous modulations of two inputs and conditions offering significant performance enhancements will be identified.
PB  - Elsevier
T2  - Chemical Engineering Science
T1  - Forced periodic operations of a chemical reactor for methanol synthesis – The search for the best scenario based on Nonlinear Frequency Response Method. Part I Single input modulations
VL  - 248
SP  - 117134
DO  - 10.1016/j.ces.2021.117134
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Nikolić, Daliborka and Seidel, Carsten and Felischak, Matthias and Miličić, Tamara and Kienle, Achim and Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas and Petkovska, Menka",
year = "2022",
abstract = "In this two-part paper a comprehensive study of the potential to improve performance criteria of a methanol synthesis reactor through forced periodical operations is presented. The study uses the Nonlinear Frequency Response method, a powerful analytical and approximate tool which gives an answer whether and under which conditions certain periodic operation would lead to improvement of process performance. To demonstrate the method, isothermal and isobaric methanol synthesis in a lab-scale CSTR is considered. In Part I, the analysis is performed for single input modulations. Partial pressures of each reactant in the feed stream and the total inlet volumetric flow-rate are considered as possible modulated inputs. The results show that modulations of single inputs essentially do not provide potential for significant improvements. In Part II, the study will be extended to analysis of periodic operations with simultaneous modulations of two inputs and conditions offering significant performance enhancements will be identified.",
publisher = "Elsevier",
journal = "Chemical Engineering Science",
title = "Forced periodic operations of a chemical reactor for methanol synthesis – The search for the best scenario based on Nonlinear Frequency Response Method. Part I Single input modulations",
volume = "248",
pages = "117134",
doi = "10.1016/j.ces.2021.117134"
}

Nikolić, D., Seidel, C., Felischak, M., Miličić, T., Kienle, A., Seidel-Morgenstern, A.,& Petkovska, M.. (2022). Forced periodic operations of a chemical reactor for methanol synthesis – The search for the best scenario based on Nonlinear Frequency Response Method. Part I Single input modulations. in Chemical Engineering Science
Elsevier., 248, 117134.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2021.117134

Nikolić D, Seidel C, Felischak M, Miličić T, Kienle A, Seidel-Morgenstern A, Petkovska M. Forced periodic operations of a chemical reactor for methanol synthesis – The search for the best scenario based on Nonlinear Frequency Response Method. Part I Single input modulations. in Chemical Engineering Science. 2022;248:117134.
doi:10.1016/j.ces.2021.117134 .

Nikolić, Daliborka, Seidel, Carsten, Felischak, Matthias, Miličić, Tamara, Kienle, Achim, Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas, Petkovska, Menka, "Forced periodic operations of a chemical reactor for methanol synthesis – The search for the best scenario based on Nonlinear Frequency Response Method. Part I Single input modulations" in Chemical Engineering Science, 248 (2022):117134,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2021.117134 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nikolić, Daliborka
AU  - Seidel, Carsten
AU  - Felischak, Matthias
AU  - Miličić, Tamara
AU  - Kienle, Achim
AU  - Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas
AU  - Petkovska, Menka
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4816
AB  - The analysis of the potential to improve performance of a methanol synthesis reactor through forced periodical operations by Nonlinear Frequency Response method is presented. The methanol synthesis in an isothermal and isobaric lab-scale CSTR is considered. First, the analysis was performed for single input modulations (in Part I), which showed that significant improvements can't be achieved. Here, the study is extended to analysis of simultaneous modulations of two inputs. All possible input combinations (6 cases) are analysed and the optimal forcing parameters, maximizing the time-average methanol production, were determined. For all combinations the improvement is possible, but for some cases it is not significant. The highest improvement is predicted for simultaneous modulation of the inlet partial pressure of CO and the inlet volumetric flow rate. This case, for which it is possible to achieve up to 33.51 % of methanol production, is analysed it detail and optimized using multi-objective optimization.
PB  - Elsevier
T2  - Chemical Engineering Science
T1  - Forced periodic operations of a chemical reactor for methanol synthesis – The search for the best scenario based on Nonlinear Frequency Response Method. Part II Simultaneous modulation of two inputs
VL  - 248
SP  - 117133
DO  - 10.1016/j.ces.2021.117133
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Nikolić, Daliborka and Seidel, Carsten and Felischak, Matthias and Miličić, Tamara and Kienle, Achim and Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas and Petkovska, Menka",
year = "2022",
abstract = "The analysis of the potential to improve performance of a methanol synthesis reactor through forced periodical operations by Nonlinear Frequency Response method is presented. The methanol synthesis in an isothermal and isobaric lab-scale CSTR is considered. First, the analysis was performed for single input modulations (in Part I), which showed that significant improvements can't be achieved. Here, the study is extended to analysis of simultaneous modulations of two inputs. All possible input combinations (6 cases) are analysed and the optimal forcing parameters, maximizing the time-average methanol production, were determined. For all combinations the improvement is possible, but for some cases it is not significant. The highest improvement is predicted for simultaneous modulation of the inlet partial pressure of CO and the inlet volumetric flow rate. This case, for which it is possible to achieve up to 33.51 % of methanol production, is analysed it detail and optimized using multi-objective optimization.",
publisher = "Elsevier",
journal = "Chemical Engineering Science",
title = "Forced periodic operations of a chemical reactor for methanol synthesis – The search for the best scenario based on Nonlinear Frequency Response Method. Part II Simultaneous modulation of two inputs",
volume = "248",
pages = "117133",
doi = "10.1016/j.ces.2021.117133"
}

Nikolić, D., Seidel, C., Felischak, M., Miličić, T., Kienle, A., Seidel-Morgenstern, A.,& Petkovska, M.. (2022). Forced periodic operations of a chemical reactor for methanol synthesis – The search for the best scenario based on Nonlinear Frequency Response Method. Part II Simultaneous modulation of two inputs. in Chemical Engineering Science
Elsevier., 248, 117133.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2021.117133

Nikolić D, Seidel C, Felischak M, Miličić T, Kienle A, Seidel-Morgenstern A, Petkovska M. Forced periodic operations of a chemical reactor for methanol synthesis – The search for the best scenario based on Nonlinear Frequency Response Method. Part II Simultaneous modulation of two inputs. in Chemical Engineering Science. 2022;248:117133.
doi:10.1016/j.ces.2021.117133 .

Nikolić, Daliborka, Seidel, Carsten, Felischak, Matthias, Miličić, Tamara, Kienle, Achim, Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas, Petkovska, Menka, "Forced periodic operations of a chemical reactor for methanol synthesis – The search for the best scenario based on Nonlinear Frequency Response Method. Part II Simultaneous modulation of two inputs" in Chemical Engineering Science, 248 (2022):117133,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2021.117133 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nikolić, Daliborka
AU  - Seidel, Carsten
AU  - Felischak, Matthias
AU  - Miličić, Tamara
AU  - Kienle, Achim
AU  - Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas
AU  - Petkovska, Menka
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4819
AB  - In this two-part paper a comprehensive study of the potential to improve performance criteria of a methanol synthesis reactor through forced periodical operations is presented. The study uses the Nonlinear Frequency Response method, a powerful analytical and approximate tool which gives an answer whether and under which conditions certain periodic operation would lead to improvement of process performance. To demonstrate the method, isothermal and isobaric methanol synthesis in a lab-scale CSTR is considered. In Part I, the analysis is performed for single input modulations. Partial pressures of each reactant in the feed stream and the total inlet volumetric flow-rate are considered as possible modulated inputs. The results show that modulations of single inputs essentially do not provide potential for significant improvements. In Part II, the study will be extended to analysis of periodic operations with simultaneous modulations of two inputs and conditions offering significant performance enhancements will be identified.
PB  - Elsevier
T2  - Chemical Engineering Science
T1  - Forced periodic operations of a chemical reactor for methanol synthesis – The search for the best scenario based on Nonlinear Frequency Response Method. Part I Single input modulations
VL  - 248
SP  - 117134
DO  - 10.1016/j.ces.2021.117134
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Nikolić, Daliborka and Seidel, Carsten and Felischak, Matthias and Miličić, Tamara and Kienle, Achim and Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas and Petkovska, Menka",
year = "2022",
abstract = "In this two-part paper a comprehensive study of the potential to improve performance criteria of a methanol synthesis reactor through forced periodical operations is presented. The study uses the Nonlinear Frequency Response method, a powerful analytical and approximate tool which gives an answer whether and under which conditions certain periodic operation would lead to improvement of process performance. To demonstrate the method, isothermal and isobaric methanol synthesis in a lab-scale CSTR is considered. In Part I, the analysis is performed for single input modulations. Partial pressures of each reactant in the feed stream and the total inlet volumetric flow-rate are considered as possible modulated inputs. The results show that modulations of single inputs essentially do not provide potential for significant improvements. In Part II, the study will be extended to analysis of periodic operations with simultaneous modulations of two inputs and conditions offering significant performance enhancements will be identified.",
publisher = "Elsevier",
journal = "Chemical Engineering Science",
title = "Forced periodic operations of a chemical reactor for methanol synthesis – The search for the best scenario based on Nonlinear Frequency Response Method. Part I Single input modulations",
volume = "248",
pages = "117134",
doi = "10.1016/j.ces.2021.117134"
}

Nikolić, D., Seidel, C., Felischak, M., Miličić, T., Kienle, A., Seidel-Morgenstern, A.,& Petkovska, M.. (2022). Forced periodic operations of a chemical reactor for methanol synthesis – The search for the best scenario based on Nonlinear Frequency Response Method. Part I Single input modulations. in Chemical Engineering Science
Elsevier., 248, 117134.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2021.117134

Nikolić D, Seidel C, Felischak M, Miličić T, Kienle A, Seidel-Morgenstern A, Petkovska M. Forced periodic operations of a chemical reactor for methanol synthesis – The search for the best scenario based on Nonlinear Frequency Response Method. Part I Single input modulations. in Chemical Engineering Science. 2022;248:117134.
doi:10.1016/j.ces.2021.117134 .

Nikolić, Daliborka, Seidel, Carsten, Felischak, Matthias, Miličić, Tamara, Kienle, Achim, Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas, Petkovska, Menka, "Forced periodic operations of a chemical reactor for methanol synthesis – The search for the best scenario based on Nonlinear Frequency Response Method. Part I Single input modulations" in Chemical Engineering Science, 248 (2022):117134,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2021.117134 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nikolić, Daliborka
AU  - Seidel, Carsten
AU  - Felischak, Matthias
AU  - Miličić, Tamara
AU  - Kienle, Achim
AU  - Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas
AU  - Petkovska, Menka
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4820
AB  - The analysis of the potential to improve performance of a methanol synthesis reactor through forced periodical operations by Nonlinear Frequency Response method is presented. The methanol synthesis in an isothermal and isobaric lab-scale CSTR is considered. First, the analysis was performed for single input modulations (in Part I), which showed that significant improvements can't be achieved. Here, the study is extended to analysis of simultaneous modulations of two inputs. All possible input combinations (6 cases) are analysed and the optimal forcing parameters, maximizing the time-average methanol production, were determined. For all combinations the improvement is possible, but for some cases it is not significant. The highest improvement is predicted for simultaneous modulation of the inlet partial pressure of CO and the inlet volumetric flow rate. This case, for which it is possible to achieve up to 33.51 % of methanol production, is analysed it detail and optimized using multi-objective optimization.
PB  - Elsevier
T2  - Chemical Engineering Science
T1  - Forced periodic operations of a chemical reactor for methanol synthesis – The search for the best scenario based on Nonlinear Frequency Response Method. Part II Simultaneous modulation of two inputs
VL  - 248
SP  - 117133
DO  - 10.1016/j.ces.2021.117133
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Nikolić, Daliborka and Seidel, Carsten and Felischak, Matthias and Miličić, Tamara and Kienle, Achim and Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas and Petkovska, Menka",
year = "2022",
abstract = "The analysis of the potential to improve performance of a methanol synthesis reactor through forced periodical operations by Nonlinear Frequency Response method is presented. The methanol synthesis in an isothermal and isobaric lab-scale CSTR is considered. First, the analysis was performed for single input modulations (in Part I), which showed that significant improvements can't be achieved. Here, the study is extended to analysis of simultaneous modulations of two inputs. All possible input combinations (6 cases) are analysed and the optimal forcing parameters, maximizing the time-average methanol production, were determined. For all combinations the improvement is possible, but for some cases it is not significant. The highest improvement is predicted for simultaneous modulation of the inlet partial pressure of CO and the inlet volumetric flow rate. This case, for which it is possible to achieve up to 33.51 % of methanol production, is analysed it detail and optimized using multi-objective optimization.",
publisher = "Elsevier",
journal = "Chemical Engineering Science",
title = "Forced periodic operations of a chemical reactor for methanol synthesis – The search for the best scenario based on Nonlinear Frequency Response Method. Part II Simultaneous modulation of two inputs",
volume = "248",
pages = "117133",
doi = "10.1016/j.ces.2021.117133"
}

Nikolić, D., Seidel, C., Felischak, M., Miličić, T., Kienle, A., Seidel-Morgenstern, A.,& Petkovska, M.. (2022). Forced periodic operations of a chemical reactor for methanol synthesis – The search for the best scenario based on Nonlinear Frequency Response Method. Part II Simultaneous modulation of two inputs. in Chemical Engineering Science
Elsevier., 248, 117133.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2021.117133

Nikolić D, Seidel C, Felischak M, Miličić T, Kienle A, Seidel-Morgenstern A, Petkovska M. Forced periodic operations of a chemical reactor for methanol synthesis – The search for the best scenario based on Nonlinear Frequency Response Method. Part II Simultaneous modulation of two inputs. in Chemical Engineering Science. 2022;248:117133.
doi:10.1016/j.ces.2021.117133 .

Nikolić, Daliborka, Seidel, Carsten, Felischak, Matthias, Miličić, Tamara, Kienle, Achim, Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas, Petkovska, Menka, "Forced periodic operations of a chemical reactor for methanol synthesis – The search for the best scenario based on Nonlinear Frequency Response Method. Part II Simultaneous modulation of two inputs" in Chemical Engineering Science, 248 (2022):117133,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2021.117133 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Nikolić, Daliborka
AU  - Seidel, Carsten
AU  - Felischak, Matthias
AU  - Marinković, Dalibor
AU  - Kienle, Achim
AU  - Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas
AU  - Petkovska, Menka
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4926
AB  - Forced periodic operations, as one way of Process Intensification, can be used in order to achieve better performances of chemical reactors, in comparison to conventional steady-state operation. In this study the Nonlinear Frequency Response (NFR) method, a powerful analytical and approximate tool which gives an answer whether and under which conditions certain periodic operation would lead to improvement of process performance was used. The analysis was done for the methanol synthesis using a standard Cu/ZnO catalyst performed in an isothermal and isobaric lab-scale CSTR. At first the single input modulations were analysed. The inputs considered for periodic modulation are: partial pressures of each reactant in the feed stream and the total volumetric inlet flow-rate. The objective was to maximize the mean molar outlet flow-rate of methanol. The specific forcing parameters were optimized. The results of the NFR analysis showed that modulations of single inputs do not provide potential for significant improvements. 
The study was extended to analysis of periodic operations with simultaneous modulations of two inputs. Six possible input combinations were analysed and the optimal forcing parameters which maximizing again the time-average methanol production were determined. For all combinations an improvement is possible, but for some cases it was found to be not significant. However, significant 
improvements are predicted for a) simultaneous modulation of the partial pressure of CO2 in the feed steam and the volumetric inlet flow-rate and b) simultaneous modulation of the partial pressure of hydrogen (H2) and the volumetric inlet flow-rate [1, 2]. The highest improvement could be achieved for 
simultaneous modulation of the inlet partial pressure of CO and the inlet volumetric flow rate.
PB  - The Wilhelm und Else Heraeus-Stiftung, Germany
C3  - Booklet with abstracts - 758. WE-Heraeus-Seminar, From Wind and Solar Energy to Chemical Energy Storage: Understanding and Engineering Catalysis under Dynamic Conditions
T1  - Possible improvement of methanol synthesis exploiting forced periodic operation: Analysis using the Nonlinear Frequency Responce Method
SP  - 75
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_4926
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Nikolić, Daliborka and Seidel, Carsten and Felischak, Matthias and Marinković, Dalibor and Kienle, Achim and Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas and Petkovska, Menka",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Forced periodic operations, as one way of Process Intensification, can be used in order to achieve better performances of chemical reactors, in comparison to conventional steady-state operation. In this study the Nonlinear Frequency Response (NFR) method, a powerful analytical and approximate tool which gives an answer whether and under which conditions certain periodic operation would lead to improvement of process performance was used. The analysis was done for the methanol synthesis using a standard Cu/ZnO catalyst performed in an isothermal and isobaric lab-scale CSTR. At first the single input modulations were analysed. The inputs considered for periodic modulation are: partial pressures of each reactant in the feed stream and the total volumetric inlet flow-rate. The objective was to maximize the mean molar outlet flow-rate of methanol. The specific forcing parameters were optimized. The results of the NFR analysis showed that modulations of single inputs do not provide potential for significant improvements. 
The study was extended to analysis of periodic operations with simultaneous modulations of two inputs. Six possible input combinations were analysed and the optimal forcing parameters which maximizing again the time-average methanol production were determined. For all combinations an improvement is possible, but for some cases it was found to be not significant. However, significant 
improvements are predicted for a) simultaneous modulation of the partial pressure of CO2 in the feed steam and the volumetric inlet flow-rate and b) simultaneous modulation of the partial pressure of hydrogen (H2) and the volumetric inlet flow-rate [1, 2]. The highest improvement could be achieved for 
simultaneous modulation of the inlet partial pressure of CO and the inlet volumetric flow rate.",
publisher = "The Wilhelm und Else Heraeus-Stiftung, Germany",
journal = "Booklet with abstracts - 758. WE-Heraeus-Seminar, From Wind and Solar Energy to Chemical Energy Storage: Understanding and Engineering Catalysis under Dynamic Conditions",
title = "Possible improvement of methanol synthesis exploiting forced periodic operation: Analysis using the Nonlinear Frequency Responce Method",
pages = "75",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_4926"
}

Nikolić, D., Seidel, C., Felischak, M., Marinković, D., Kienle, A., Seidel-Morgenstern, A.,& Petkovska, M.. (2022). Possible improvement of methanol synthesis exploiting forced periodic operation: Analysis using the Nonlinear Frequency Responce Method. in Booklet with abstracts - 758. WE-Heraeus-Seminar, From Wind and Solar Energy to Chemical Energy Storage: Understanding and Engineering Catalysis under Dynamic Conditions
The Wilhelm und Else Heraeus-Stiftung, Germany., 75.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_4926

Nikolić D, Seidel C, Felischak M, Marinković D, Kienle A, Seidel-Morgenstern A, Petkovska M. Possible improvement of methanol synthesis exploiting forced periodic operation: Analysis using the Nonlinear Frequency Responce Method. in Booklet with abstracts - 758. WE-Heraeus-Seminar, From Wind and Solar Energy to Chemical Energy Storage: Understanding and Engineering Catalysis under Dynamic Conditions. 2022;:75.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_4926 .

Nikolić, Daliborka, Seidel, Carsten, Felischak, Matthias, Marinković, Dalibor, Kienle, Achim, Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas, Petkovska, Menka, "Possible improvement of methanol synthesis exploiting forced periodic operation: Analysis using the Nonlinear Frequency Responce Method" in Booklet with abstracts - 758. WE-Heraeus-Seminar, From Wind and Solar Energy to Chemical Energy Storage: Understanding and Engineering Catalysis under Dynamic Conditions (2022):75,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_4926 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Felischak, Matthias
AU  - Kaps, Lothar
AU  - Hamel, Christof
AU  - Nikolić, Daliborka
AU  - Petkovska, Menka
AU  - Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5415
AB  - The authors regret that there was an error in formula (19), which was not detected by us in the final proof. The correct form of equation (19) used to calculate the results presented in Felischak et al., (2020), is: [Formula presented] The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.
PB  - Elsevier
T2  - Chemical Engineering Journal
T1  - Corrigendum to “Analysis and experimental demonstration of forced periodic operation of an adiabatic stirred tank reactor: Simultaneous modulation of inlet concentration and total flow-rate” [Chem. Eng. J. 410 (2021) 128197]
VL  - 430
SP  - 132930
DO  - 10.1016/j.cej.2021.132930
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Felischak, Matthias and Kaps, Lothar and Hamel, Christof and Nikolić, Daliborka and Petkovska, Menka and Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas",
year = "2022",
abstract = "The authors regret that there was an error in formula (19), which was not detected by us in the final proof. The correct form of equation (19) used to calculate the results presented in Felischak et al., (2020), is: [Formula presented] The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.",
publisher = "Elsevier",
journal = "Chemical Engineering Journal",
title = "Corrigendum to “Analysis and experimental demonstration of forced periodic operation of an adiabatic stirred tank reactor: Simultaneous modulation of inlet concentration and total flow-rate” [Chem. Eng. J. 410 (2021) 128197]",
volume = "430",
pages = "132930",
doi = "10.1016/j.cej.2021.132930"
}

Felischak, M., Kaps, L., Hamel, C., Nikolić, D., Petkovska, M.,& Seidel-Morgenstern, A.. (2022). Corrigendum to “Analysis and experimental demonstration of forced periodic operation of an adiabatic stirred tank reactor: Simultaneous modulation of inlet concentration and total flow-rate” [Chem. Eng. J. 410 (2021) 128197]. in Chemical Engineering Journal
Elsevier., 430, 132930.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.132930

Felischak M, Kaps L, Hamel C, Nikolić D, Petkovska M, Seidel-Morgenstern A. Corrigendum to “Analysis and experimental demonstration of forced periodic operation of an adiabatic stirred tank reactor: Simultaneous modulation of inlet concentration and total flow-rate” [Chem. Eng. J. 410 (2021) 128197]. in Chemical Engineering Journal. 2022;430:132930.
doi:10.1016/j.cej.2021.132930 .

Felischak, Matthias, Kaps, Lothar, Hamel, Christof, Nikolić, Daliborka, Petkovska, Menka, Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas, "Corrigendum to “Analysis and experimental demonstration of forced periodic operation of an adiabatic stirred tank reactor: Simultaneous modulation of inlet concentration and total flow-rate” [Chem. Eng. J. 410 (2021) 128197]" in Chemical Engineering Journal, 430 (2022):132930,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.132930 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Seidel, Carsten
AU  - Nikolić, Daliborka
AU  - Felischak, Matthias
AU  - Petkovska, Menka
AU  - Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas
AU  - Kienle, Achim
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5623
AB  - Methanol synthesis from synthesis gas with heterogeneous Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts in an isothermal gradientless reactor is described. In a theoretical study, the potential of forced periodic operation (FPO) for improving reactor performance in terms of methanol production rate and methanol yield is explored. The approach is based on a detailed kinetic model and combines nonlinear frequency response (NFR) analysis with rigorous numerical multi-objective optimization. Optimal steady-state operation is compared with optimal forced periodic operation for a given benchmark problem with and without inert nitrogen in the feed. Further, the significant influence of the saturation capacity of the solid phase on the dynamic behavior in response to step changes and periodic input modulations is studied.
PB  - Wiley
T2  - Chemical Engineering & Technology
T1  - Forced Periodic Operation of Methanol Synthesis in an Isothermal Gradientless Reactor
VL  - 45
IS  - 12
SP  - 2261
EP  - 2272
DO  - 10.1002/ceat.202200286
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Seidel, Carsten and Nikolić, Daliborka and Felischak, Matthias and Petkovska, Menka and Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas and Kienle, Achim",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Methanol synthesis from synthesis gas with heterogeneous Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts in an isothermal gradientless reactor is described. In a theoretical study, the potential of forced periodic operation (FPO) for improving reactor performance in terms of methanol production rate and methanol yield is explored. The approach is based on a detailed kinetic model and combines nonlinear frequency response (NFR) analysis with rigorous numerical multi-objective optimization. Optimal steady-state operation is compared with optimal forced periodic operation for a given benchmark problem with and without inert nitrogen in the feed. Further, the significant influence of the saturation capacity of the solid phase on the dynamic behavior in response to step changes and periodic input modulations is studied.",
publisher = "Wiley",
journal = "Chemical Engineering & Technology",
title = "Forced Periodic Operation of Methanol Synthesis in an Isothermal Gradientless Reactor",
volume = "45",
number = "12",
pages = "2261-2272",
doi = "10.1002/ceat.202200286"
}

Seidel, C., Nikolić, D., Felischak, M., Petkovska, M., Seidel-Morgenstern, A.,& Kienle, A.. (2022). Forced Periodic Operation of Methanol Synthesis in an Isothermal Gradientless Reactor. in Chemical Engineering & Technology
Wiley., 45(12), 2261-2272.
https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.202200286

Seidel C, Nikolić D, Felischak M, Petkovska M, Seidel-Morgenstern A, Kienle A. Forced Periodic Operation of Methanol Synthesis in an Isothermal Gradientless Reactor. in Chemical Engineering & Technology. 2022;45(12):2261-2272.
doi:10.1002/ceat.202200286 .

Seidel, Carsten, Nikolić, Daliborka, Felischak, Matthias, Petkovska, Menka, Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas, Kienle, Achim, "Forced Periodic Operation of Methanol Synthesis in an Isothermal Gradientless Reactor" in Chemical Engineering & Technology, 45, no. 12 (2022):2261-2272,
https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.202200286 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Felischak, Matthias
AU  - Lothar, Kaps
AU  - Christof, Hamel
AU  - Nikolić, Daliborka
AU  - Petkovska, Menka
AU  - Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4139
AB  - It is well known, that forced periodic operation possesses the potential for process improvements. Nevertheless, only a small number of applications is reported, due to complex realization, limited predictability and high inertia of larger units. Nonlinear frequency response (NFR) analysis has proven to predict efficiently time-averaged performance of reactor effluent streams originating from forced periodic changes of one or several input(s).
Focus of this paper was an experimental demonstration of forced periodic operation applied to the hydrolysis of acetic anhydride carried out in an adiabatic CSTR. Theoretical results provided a guideline for experiments exploiting simultaneous sinusoidal modulations of the anhydride inlet concentration and the total volumetric flow-rate. Influences of the forcing parameters (amplitudes and the phase difference) were also studied. Confirming the predictions of NFR analysis a significantly higher time-averaged product yields were experimentally achieved compared to conventional steady-state operation with simultaneous modulation of two inputs using an
optimized phase shift.
PB  - Elsevier
T2  - Chemical Engineering Journal
T1  - Analysis and experimental demonstration of forced periodic operation of an adiabatic stirred tank reactor: Simultaneous modulation of inlet concentration and total flow-rate
VL  - 410
IS  - 128197
DO  - 10.1016/j.cej.2020.128197
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Felischak, Matthias and Lothar, Kaps and Christof, Hamel and Nikolić, Daliborka and Petkovska, Menka and Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas",
year = "2021",
abstract = "It is well known, that forced periodic operation possesses the potential for process improvements. Nevertheless, only a small number of applications is reported, due to complex realization, limited predictability and high inertia of larger units. Nonlinear frequency response (NFR) analysis has proven to predict efficiently time-averaged performance of reactor effluent streams originating from forced periodic changes of one or several input(s).
Focus of this paper was an experimental demonstration of forced periodic operation applied to the hydrolysis of acetic anhydride carried out in an adiabatic CSTR. Theoretical results provided a guideline for experiments exploiting simultaneous sinusoidal modulations of the anhydride inlet concentration and the total volumetric flow-rate. Influences of the forcing parameters (amplitudes and the phase difference) were also studied. Confirming the predictions of NFR analysis a significantly higher time-averaged product yields were experimentally achieved compared to conventional steady-state operation with simultaneous modulation of two inputs using an
optimized phase shift.",
publisher = "Elsevier",
journal = "Chemical Engineering Journal",
title = "Analysis and experimental demonstration of forced periodic operation of an adiabatic stirred tank reactor: Simultaneous modulation of inlet concentration and total flow-rate",
volume = "410",
number = "128197",
doi = "10.1016/j.cej.2020.128197"
}

Felischak, M., Lothar, K., Christof, H., Nikolić, D., Petkovska, M.,& Seidel-Morgenstern, A.. (2021). Analysis and experimental demonstration of forced periodic operation of an adiabatic stirred tank reactor: Simultaneous modulation of inlet concentration and total flow-rate. in Chemical Engineering Journal
Elsevier., 410(128197).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.128197

Felischak M, Lothar K, Christof H, Nikolić D, Petkovska M, Seidel-Morgenstern A. Analysis and experimental demonstration of forced periodic operation of an adiabatic stirred tank reactor: Simultaneous modulation of inlet concentration and total flow-rate. in Chemical Engineering Journal. 2021;410(128197).
doi:10.1016/j.cej.2020.128197 .

Felischak, Matthias, Lothar, Kaps, Christof, Hamel, Nikolić, Daliborka, Petkovska, Menka, Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas, "Analysis and experimental demonstration of forced periodic operation of an adiabatic stirred tank reactor: Simultaneous modulation of inlet concentration and total flow-rate" in Chemical Engineering Journal, 410, no. 128197 (2021),
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.128197 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Seidel, Carsten
AU  - Nikolić, Daliborka
AU  - Felischak, Matthias
AU  - Petkovska, Menka
AU  - Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas
AU  - Kienle, Achim
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4827
AB  - Traditionally, methanol is produced in large amounts from synthesis gas with heterogeneous Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts under steady state conditions. In this paper, the potential of alternative forced periodic operation modes is studied using numerical optimization. The focus is a well-mixed isothermal reactor with two periodic inputs, namely, CO concentration in the feed and total feed flow rate. Exploiting a detailed kinetic model which also describes the dynamics of the catalyst, a sequential NLP optimization approach is applied to compare optimal steady state solutions with optimal periodic regimes. Periodic solutions are calculated using dynamic optimization with a periodicity constraint. The NLP optimization is embedded in a multi-objective optimization framework to optimize the process with respect to two objective functions and generate the corresponding Pareto fronts. The first objective is the methanol outlet flow rate. The second objective is the methanol yield based on the total carbon in the feed. Additional constraints arising from the complex methanol reaction and the practical limitations are introduced step by step. The results show that significant improvements for both objective functions are possible through periodic forcing of the two inputs considered here.
PB  - MDPI
T2  - Processes
T1  - Optimization of Methanol Synthesis under Forced Periodic Operation
VL  - 9
IS  - 5
SP  - 872
DO  - 10.3390/pr9050872
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Seidel, Carsten and Nikolić, Daliborka and Felischak, Matthias and Petkovska, Menka and Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas and Kienle, Achim",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Traditionally, methanol is produced in large amounts from synthesis gas with heterogeneous Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts under steady state conditions. In this paper, the potential of alternative forced periodic operation modes is studied using numerical optimization. The focus is a well-mixed isothermal reactor with two periodic inputs, namely, CO concentration in the feed and total feed flow rate. Exploiting a detailed kinetic model which also describes the dynamics of the catalyst, a sequential NLP optimization approach is applied to compare optimal steady state solutions with optimal periodic regimes. Periodic solutions are calculated using dynamic optimization with a periodicity constraint. The NLP optimization is embedded in a multi-objective optimization framework to optimize the process with respect to two objective functions and generate the corresponding Pareto fronts. The first objective is the methanol outlet flow rate. The second objective is the methanol yield based on the total carbon in the feed. Additional constraints arising from the complex methanol reaction and the practical limitations are introduced step by step. The results show that significant improvements for both objective functions are possible through periodic forcing of the two inputs considered here.",
publisher = "MDPI",
journal = "Processes",
title = "Optimization of Methanol Synthesis under Forced Periodic Operation",
volume = "9",
number = "5",
pages = "872",
doi = "10.3390/pr9050872"
}

Seidel, C., Nikolić, D., Felischak, M., Petkovska, M., Seidel-Morgenstern, A.,& Kienle, A.. (2021). Optimization of Methanol Synthesis under Forced Periodic Operation. in Processes
MDPI., 9(5), 872.
https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9050872

Seidel C, Nikolić D, Felischak M, Petkovska M, Seidel-Morgenstern A, Kienle A. Optimization of Methanol Synthesis under Forced Periodic Operation. in Processes. 2021;9(5):872.
doi:10.3390/pr9050872 .

Seidel, Carsten, Nikolić, Daliborka, Felischak, Matthias, Petkovska, Menka, Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas, Kienle, Achim, "Optimization of Methanol Synthesis under Forced Periodic Operation" in Processes, 9, no. 5 (2021):872,
https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9050872 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Seidel, Carsten
AU  - Felischak, Matthias
AU  - Nikolić, Daliborka
AU  - Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas
AU  - Petkovska, Menka
AU  - Kienle, Achim
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://www.mpi-magdeburg.mpg.de/Indo-German-Workshop2020
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3844
AB  - Methanol is an essential primary chemical in the chemical industry. Further, there is a
growing interest in using methanol also for chemical energy storage. Excess electrical
wind or solar energy can be converted to hydrogen and react with CO and CO2 from biogas
or waste streams to methanol. Suitable kinetic models are required for designing such
processes. Established kinetics need to be extended to account for strongly varying input
ratios of H2, CO, and CO2 in such applications leading to the need for dynamic process
operation. Kinetic models for methanol synthesis accounting for dynamic changes of the
catalyst morphology were proposed recently [1].
For the implementation and evaluation of the dynamic operation, a novel reactor concept,
incorporating a micro-berty reactor, is established. The configuration allows the
modulation of single and multiple input parameters simultaneously, such as partial
pressure, total flow-rate, and total pressure. Periodic variation of the inputs results in
fluctuating outputs. For the analysis of these changes, an online mass spectrometer (MS)
and a micro-gas chromatograph (GC) are implemented for time-resolved concentration
profiles, as well as the analysis of collected samples of multiple fluctuation periods.
A set of dynamic experiments is determined by optimal experimental design that
improves the parameter sensitivity by solving optimal control problems to identify an
optimal parameter set. Additionally, it is analyzed what kind of additional measurement
is required for further improvement of the identifiability of the kinetic model [2].
The nonlinear dynamic behavior of the methanol synthesis can be exploited by a forced
periodic modulation of different feed streams and total flow-rate (separately of
simultaneously) that result in improvements of the time-average output, in comparison to
the steady-state process, concerning different objective functions. The nonlinear
frequency response (NFR) analysis [3] is used to estimate suitable input variations and
the corresponding optimal dynamic parameters (forcing frequency, amplitudes, and phase
difference). The NFR method was already applied in various cases [4–6], and it represents
promising starting points for rigorous dynamic optimization.
The selection of the objective functions for single- and multi-objective optimization of
forced periodic operations is critically discussed.
C3  - 4th Indo-German Workshop on Advances in Materials, Reaction& Separation Processes, Berlin, Germany
T1  - Optimization of methanol synthesis under forced dynamic operation
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3844
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Seidel, Carsten and Felischak, Matthias and Nikolić, Daliborka and Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas and Petkovska, Menka and Kienle, Achim",
year = "2020",
abstract = "Methanol is an essential primary chemical in the chemical industry. Further, there is a
growing interest in using methanol also for chemical energy storage. Excess electrical
wind or solar energy can be converted to hydrogen and react with CO and CO2 from biogas
or waste streams to methanol. Suitable kinetic models are required for designing such
processes. Established kinetics need to be extended to account for strongly varying input
ratios of H2, CO, and CO2 in such applications leading to the need for dynamic process
operation. Kinetic models for methanol synthesis accounting for dynamic changes of the
catalyst morphology were proposed recently [1].
For the implementation and evaluation of the dynamic operation, a novel reactor concept,
incorporating a micro-berty reactor, is established. The configuration allows the
modulation of single and multiple input parameters simultaneously, such as partial
pressure, total flow-rate, and total pressure. Periodic variation of the inputs results in
fluctuating outputs. For the analysis of these changes, an online mass spectrometer (MS)
and a micro-gas chromatograph (GC) are implemented for time-resolved concentration
profiles, as well as the analysis of collected samples of multiple fluctuation periods.
A set of dynamic experiments is determined by optimal experimental design that
improves the parameter sensitivity by solving optimal control problems to identify an
optimal parameter set. Additionally, it is analyzed what kind of additional measurement
is required for further improvement of the identifiability of the kinetic model [2].
The nonlinear dynamic behavior of the methanol synthesis can be exploited by a forced
periodic modulation of different feed streams and total flow-rate (separately of
simultaneously) that result in improvements of the time-average output, in comparison to
the steady-state process, concerning different objective functions. The nonlinear
frequency response (NFR) analysis [3] is used to estimate suitable input variations and
the corresponding optimal dynamic parameters (forcing frequency, amplitudes, and phase
difference). The NFR method was already applied in various cases [4–6], and it represents
promising starting points for rigorous dynamic optimization.
The selection of the objective functions for single- and multi-objective optimization of
forced periodic operations is critically discussed.",
journal = "4th Indo-German Workshop on Advances in Materials, Reaction& Separation Processes, Berlin, Germany",
title = "Optimization of methanol synthesis under forced dynamic operation",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3844"
}

Seidel, C., Felischak, M., Nikolić, D., Seidel-Morgenstern, A., Petkovska, M.,& Kienle, A.. (2020). Optimization of methanol synthesis under forced dynamic operation. in 4th Indo-German Workshop on Advances in Materials, Reaction& Separation Processes, Berlin, Germany.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3844

Seidel C, Felischak M, Nikolić D, Seidel-Morgenstern A, Petkovska M, Kienle A. Optimization of methanol synthesis under forced dynamic operation. in 4th Indo-German Workshop on Advances in Materials, Reaction& Separation Processes, Berlin, Germany. 2020;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3844 .

Seidel, Carsten, Felischak, Matthias, Nikolić, Daliborka, Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas, Petkovska, Menka, Kienle, Achim, "Optimization of methanol synthesis under forced dynamic operation" in 4th Indo-German Workshop on Advances in Materials, Reaction& Separation Processes, Berlin, Germany (2020),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3844 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Petkovska, Menka
AU  - Kienle, Achim
AU  - Nikolić, Daliborka
AU  - Seidel, Carsten
AU  - Felischak, Matthias
AU  - Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://www.mpi-magdeburg.mpg.de/Indo-German-Workshop2020
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3846
AB  - We used the nonlinear frequency response (NFR) method in order to identify forced periodic conditions under which the acetic acid anhydride hydrolysis (chosen as a test reaction) can be favorably performed in a CSTR. Based on the results of the theoretical analysis, experimental investigations were performed using a lab-scale reactor exposed to two fluctuating inlet streams (water and acetic anhydride) with adjustable flow-rates, which enables modulation of the inlet reactant concentrations or/and total flow-rates in a flexible manner. The concentration of acetic acid formed is measured in the reactor online and used to monitor the process dynamics. Averaged values of the product outlet stream serve to validate the mean values predicted by NFR analysis and to evaluate the potential of this flexible forcing strategy. Recently we started to analyze both theoretically and experimentally the potential of applying a forced periodic operation to improve the methanol synthesis from CO, CO2 and H2 using the conventional Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts. This work is based on a recently published detailed model of this reaction, which is capable to quantify the rates under dynamic conditions (C. Seidel, A. Jörke, B. Vollbrecht, A. Seidel-Morgenstern, A. Kienle, Chem. Eng. Sci. 175 (2917) 130–138).
C3  - 4th Indo-German Workshop on Advances in Materials, Reaction& Separation Processes, Berlin, Germany
T1  - Forced periodic reactor operation
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3846
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Petkovska, Menka and Kienle, Achim and Nikolić, Daliborka and Seidel, Carsten and Felischak, Matthias and Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas",
year = "2020",
abstract = "We used the nonlinear frequency response (NFR) method in order to identify forced periodic conditions under which the acetic acid anhydride hydrolysis (chosen as a test reaction) can be favorably performed in a CSTR. Based on the results of the theoretical analysis, experimental investigations were performed using a lab-scale reactor exposed to two fluctuating inlet streams (water and acetic anhydride) with adjustable flow-rates, which enables modulation of the inlet reactant concentrations or/and total flow-rates in a flexible manner. The concentration of acetic acid formed is measured in the reactor online and used to monitor the process dynamics. Averaged values of the product outlet stream serve to validate the mean values predicted by NFR analysis and to evaluate the potential of this flexible forcing strategy. Recently we started to analyze both theoretically and experimentally the potential of applying a forced periodic operation to improve the methanol synthesis from CO, CO2 and H2 using the conventional Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts. This work is based on a recently published detailed model of this reaction, which is capable to quantify the rates under dynamic conditions (C. Seidel, A. Jörke, B. Vollbrecht, A. Seidel-Morgenstern, A. Kienle, Chem. Eng. Sci. 175 (2917) 130–138).",
journal = "4th Indo-German Workshop on Advances in Materials, Reaction& Separation Processes, Berlin, Germany",
title = "Forced periodic reactor operation",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3846"
}

Petkovska, M., Kienle, A., Nikolić, D., Seidel, C., Felischak, M.,& Seidel-Morgenstern, A.. (2020). Forced periodic reactor operation. in 4th Indo-German Workshop on Advances in Materials, Reaction& Separation Processes, Berlin, Germany.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3846

Petkovska M, Kienle A, Nikolić D, Seidel C, Felischak M, Seidel-Morgenstern A. Forced periodic reactor operation. in 4th Indo-German Workshop on Advances in Materials, Reaction& Separation Processes, Berlin, Germany. 2020;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3846 .

Petkovska, Menka, Kienle, Achim, Nikolić, Daliborka, Seidel, Carsten, Felischak, Matthias, Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas, "Forced periodic reactor operation" in 4th Indo-German Workshop on Advances in Materials, Reaction& Separation Processes, Berlin, Germany (2020),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3846 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Kaps, Lothar
AU  - Felischak, Matthias
AU  - Nikolić, Daliborka
AU  - Petkovska, Menka
AU  - Hamel, Christof
AU  - Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4042
AB  - Continuous chemical reactors are mostly operated under steady-state conditions. However, theoretical studies reveal that forced periodic operation (FPO) can lead to better performance. To predict and optimize FPO, the nonlinear frequency response (NFR) method provides an analytical approach. The presented work is focused on providing theoretical and experimental results devoted to demonstrating both the potential of forced periodic operation and the strength of the NFR method to identify suitable operating conditions. The hydrolysis of acetic anhydride is studied experimentally as a model reaction applying an adiabatic continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR).
PB  - WILEY-VCH
C3  - Chemie Ingenieur Technik
T1  - Forced periodic reactor operation: Analysis of process and forcing parameters exploiting the nonlinear frequency response method
VL  - 92
IS  - 9
SP  - 1346
EP  - 1346
DO  - 10.1002/cite.202055082
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Kaps, Lothar and Felischak, Matthias and Nikolić, Daliborka and Petkovska, Menka and Hamel, Christof and Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas",
year = "2020",
abstract = "Continuous chemical reactors are mostly operated under steady-state conditions. However, theoretical studies reveal that forced periodic operation (FPO) can lead to better performance. To predict and optimize FPO, the nonlinear frequency response (NFR) method provides an analytical approach. The presented work is focused on providing theoretical and experimental results devoted to demonstrating both the potential of forced periodic operation and the strength of the NFR method to identify suitable operating conditions. The hydrolysis of acetic anhydride is studied experimentally as a model reaction applying an adiabatic continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR).",
publisher = "WILEY-VCH",
journal = "Chemie Ingenieur Technik",
title = "Forced periodic reactor operation: Analysis of process and forcing parameters exploiting the nonlinear frequency response method",
volume = "92",
number = "9",
pages = "1346-1346",
doi = "10.1002/cite.202055082"
}

Kaps, L., Felischak, M., Nikolić, D., Petkovska, M., Hamel, C.,& Seidel-Morgenstern, A.. (2020). Forced periodic reactor operation: Analysis of process and forcing parameters exploiting the nonlinear frequency response method. in Chemie Ingenieur Technik
WILEY-VCH., 92(9), 1346-1346.
https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.202055082

Kaps L, Felischak M, Nikolić D, Petkovska M, Hamel C, Seidel-Morgenstern A. Forced periodic reactor operation: Analysis of process and forcing parameters exploiting the nonlinear frequency response method. in Chemie Ingenieur Technik. 2020;92(9):1346-1346.
doi:10.1002/cite.202055082 .

Kaps, Lothar, Felischak, Matthias, Nikolić, Daliborka, Petkovska, Menka, Hamel, Christof, Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas, "Forced periodic reactor operation: Analysis of process and forcing parameters exploiting the nonlinear frequency response method" in Chemie Ingenieur Technik, 92, no. 9 (2020):1346-1346,
https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.202055082 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Kaps, Lothar
AU  - Felischak, Matthias
AU  - Nikolić, Daliborka
AU  - Petkovska, Menka
AU  - Hamel, Christof
AU  - Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4043
AB  - Continuous chemical reactors are mostly operated under steady-state conditions. However, theoretical studies reveal that forced periodic operation (FPO) can lead to better performance. To predict and optimize FPO, the nonlinear frequency response (NFR) method provides an analytical approach. The presented work is focused on providing theoretical and experimental results devoted to demonstrating both the potential of forced periodic operation and the strength of the NFR method to identify suitable operating conditions. The hydrolysis of acetic anhydride is studied experimentally as a model reaction applying an adiabatic continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR).
PB  - Wiley
C3  - Chemie Ingenieur Technik
T1  - Forced periodic reactor operation: Analysis of process and forcing parameters exploiting the nonlinear frequency response method
VL  - 92
IS  - 9
SP  - 1346
EP  - 1346
DO  - 10.1002/cite.202055082
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Kaps, Lothar and Felischak, Matthias and Nikolić, Daliborka and Petkovska, Menka and Hamel, Christof and Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas",
year = "2020",
abstract = "Continuous chemical reactors are mostly operated under steady-state conditions. However, theoretical studies reveal that forced periodic operation (FPO) can lead to better performance. To predict and optimize FPO, the nonlinear frequency response (NFR) method provides an analytical approach. The presented work is focused on providing theoretical and experimental results devoted to demonstrating both the potential of forced periodic operation and the strength of the NFR method to identify suitable operating conditions. The hydrolysis of acetic anhydride is studied experimentally as a model reaction applying an adiabatic continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR).",
publisher = "Wiley",
journal = "Chemie Ingenieur Technik",
title = "Forced periodic reactor operation: Analysis of process and forcing parameters exploiting the nonlinear frequency response method",
volume = "92",
number = "9",
pages = "1346-1346",
doi = "10.1002/cite.202055082"
}

Kaps, L., Felischak, M., Nikolić, D., Petkovska, M., Hamel, C.,& Seidel-Morgenstern, A.. (2020). Forced periodic reactor operation: Analysis of process and forcing parameters exploiting the nonlinear frequency response method. in Chemie Ingenieur Technik
Wiley., 92(9), 1346-1346.
https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.202055082

Kaps L, Felischak M, Nikolić D, Petkovska M, Hamel C, Seidel-Morgenstern A. Forced periodic reactor operation: Analysis of process and forcing parameters exploiting the nonlinear frequency response method. in Chemie Ingenieur Technik. 2020;92(9):1346-1346.
doi:10.1002/cite.202055082 .

Kaps, Lothar, Felischak, Matthias, Nikolić, Daliborka, Petkovska, Menka, Hamel, Christof, Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas, "Forced periodic reactor operation: Analysis of process and forcing parameters exploiting the nonlinear frequency response method" in Chemie Ingenieur Technik, 92, no. 9 (2020):1346-1346,
https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.202055082 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Felischak, Matthias
AU  - Nikolić, Daliborka
AU  - Petkovska, Menka
AU  - Hamel, Christof
AU  - Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas
PY  - 2019
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3842
AB  - The classical design of continuous chemical reactors exploits steady-state operation, which is optimized and maintained by appropriate control systems. Nevertheless, it is well-known that the reactor performance can be enhanced by applying periodic regimes, like forced modulations of input parameters.The identification and evaluation of suitable periodic operation conditions is
challenging. One approach that can be used is based on nonlinear frequency response (NFR) analysis. The focus of this work is the experimental analysis of shapes for two simultaneously imposed modulations (sinusoidal and square) in comparison to results predicted by the NFR method. The acetic anhydride hydrolysis was studied in an adiabatic CSTR exploiting a periodic operation mode, which was found to be superior to the corresponding steady-state operation.
C3  - German reaction Engineering Meeting (DECHEMA), Wuerzburg, Germany
T1  - Forced Periodic Operation: Effect of shapes for two simultaneously imposed modulations
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3842
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Felischak, Matthias and Nikolić, Daliborka and Petkovska, Menka and Hamel, Christof and Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas",
year = "2019",
abstract = "The classical design of continuous chemical reactors exploits steady-state operation, which is optimized and maintained by appropriate control systems. Nevertheless, it is well-known that the reactor performance can be enhanced by applying periodic regimes, like forced modulations of input parameters.The identification and evaluation of suitable periodic operation conditions is
challenging. One approach that can be used is based on nonlinear frequency response (NFR) analysis. The focus of this work is the experimental analysis of shapes for two simultaneously imposed modulations (sinusoidal and square) in comparison to results predicted by the NFR method. The acetic anhydride hydrolysis was studied in an adiabatic CSTR exploiting a periodic operation mode, which was found to be superior to the corresponding steady-state operation.",
journal = "German reaction Engineering Meeting (DECHEMA), Wuerzburg, Germany",
title = "Forced Periodic Operation: Effect of shapes for two simultaneously imposed modulations",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3842"
}

Felischak, M., Nikolić, D., Petkovska, M., Hamel, C.,& Seidel-Morgenstern, A.. (2019). Forced Periodic Operation: Effect of shapes for two simultaneously imposed modulations. in German reaction Engineering Meeting (DECHEMA), Wuerzburg, Germany.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3842

Felischak M, Nikolić D, Petkovska M, Hamel C, Seidel-Morgenstern A. Forced Periodic Operation: Effect of shapes for two simultaneously imposed modulations. in German reaction Engineering Meeting (DECHEMA), Wuerzburg, Germany. 2019;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3842 .

Felischak, Matthias, Nikolić, Daliborka, Petkovska, Menka, Hamel, Christof, Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas, "Forced Periodic Operation: Effect of shapes for two simultaneously imposed modulations" in German reaction Engineering Meeting (DECHEMA), Wuerzburg, Germany (2019),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3842 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Felischak, Matthias
AU  - Nikolić, Daliborka
AU  - Petkovska, Menka
AU  - Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas
PY  - 2018
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3816
AB  - The classical design of continuously operated chemical reactors assumes that they are operated in a steady-state which is usually optimized and maintained by using appropriate control systems. Nevertheless, it has been known for quite some time that, in some cases, better performance can be achieved by applying a periodic regime exploiting forced modulations of one or more inputs to the reactor [1,2]. Finding out whether, at which conditions and to which extent periodic operation can be superior to the optimal steady-state is difficult. One approach that can be used is an approximate, analytical method called nonlinear frequency response (NFR) method [3].

The NFR method is based on the concept of higher order frequency response functions (FRFs) and applicable for weakly nonlinear systems [3]. Frequency response of a weakly nonlinear system, in addition to the basic harmonic, contains a non-periodic (DC) term and, theoretically, an infinite sequence of higher harmonics. The DC component of the output is responsible for the average performance of the periodically operated reactor, and its sign and value define whether, and to which extent, the periodic operation leads to process improvement. Using the NFR method, this DC component can be approximately estimated from a single asymmetrical second order FRF (for modulation of a single input) or from several single input and cross- asymmetrical second order FRFs (for multiple-input modulation). For the case of multiple modulated inputs, the optimal phase difference between the modulated inputs, which is an essential parameter, can be directly determined [4,5]. Promising parameters to be periodically modulated separately or simultaneously are clearly the reactant inlet concentrations, the flow-rates and the feed temperatures. 

We used the NFR method in order to identify forced periodic conditions under which the acetic acid anhydride hydrolysis (chosen as a test reaction) can be favorably performed in a CSTR. Based on the results of the theoretical analysis, experimental investigations were performed using a lab-scale reactor exposed to two fluctuating inlet streams (water and acetic anhydride) with adjustable flow-rates, which enables modulation of the inlet reactant concentrations or/and total flow-rates in a flexible manner. The concentration of the acetic acid formed is measured in the reactor online and used to monitor the process dynamics. Averaged values of the product outlet stream serve to validate the mean values predicted by NFR analysis and to evaluate the potential of this flexible forcing strategy.
C3  - American Institute of Chemical Engineers Annual Meeting (AIChE Annual Meeting), Pittsburgh, USA
T1  - Forced periodic reactor operation with simultaneous modulation of two inputs: Nonlinear frequency response analysis  and experimental demonstration
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3816
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Felischak, Matthias and Nikolić, Daliborka and Petkovska, Menka and Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas",
year = "2018",
abstract = "The classical design of continuously operated chemical reactors assumes that they are operated in a steady-state which is usually optimized and maintained by using appropriate control systems. Nevertheless, it has been known for quite some time that, in some cases, better performance can be achieved by applying a periodic regime exploiting forced modulations of one or more inputs to the reactor [1,2]. Finding out whether, at which conditions and to which extent periodic operation can be superior to the optimal steady-state is difficult. One approach that can be used is an approximate, analytical method called nonlinear frequency response (NFR) method [3].

The NFR method is based on the concept of higher order frequency response functions (FRFs) and applicable for weakly nonlinear systems [3]. Frequency response of a weakly nonlinear system, in addition to the basic harmonic, contains a non-periodic (DC) term and, theoretically, an infinite sequence of higher harmonics. The DC component of the output is responsible for the average performance of the periodically operated reactor, and its sign and value define whether, and to which extent, the periodic operation leads to process improvement. Using the NFR method, this DC component can be approximately estimated from a single asymmetrical second order FRF (for modulation of a single input) or from several single input and cross- asymmetrical second order FRFs (for multiple-input modulation). For the case of multiple modulated inputs, the optimal phase difference between the modulated inputs, which is an essential parameter, can be directly determined [4,5]. Promising parameters to be periodically modulated separately or simultaneously are clearly the reactant inlet concentrations, the flow-rates and the feed temperatures. 

We used the NFR method in order to identify forced periodic conditions under which the acetic acid anhydride hydrolysis (chosen as a test reaction) can be favorably performed in a CSTR. Based on the results of the theoretical analysis, experimental investigations were performed using a lab-scale reactor exposed to two fluctuating inlet streams (water and acetic anhydride) with adjustable flow-rates, which enables modulation of the inlet reactant concentrations or/and total flow-rates in a flexible manner. The concentration of the acetic acid formed is measured in the reactor online and used to monitor the process dynamics. Averaged values of the product outlet stream serve to validate the mean values predicted by NFR analysis and to evaluate the potential of this flexible forcing strategy.",
journal = "American Institute of Chemical Engineers Annual Meeting (AIChE Annual Meeting), Pittsburgh, USA",
title = "Forced periodic reactor operation with simultaneous modulation of two inputs: Nonlinear frequency response analysis  and experimental demonstration",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3816"
}

Felischak, M., Nikolić, D., Petkovska, M.,& Seidel-Morgenstern, A.. (2018). Forced periodic reactor operation with simultaneous modulation of two inputs: Nonlinear frequency response analysis  and experimental demonstration. in American Institute of Chemical Engineers Annual Meeting (AIChE Annual Meeting), Pittsburgh, USA.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3816

Felischak M, Nikolić D, Petkovska M, Seidel-Morgenstern A. Forced periodic reactor operation with simultaneous modulation of two inputs: Nonlinear frequency response analysis  and experimental demonstration. in American Institute of Chemical Engineers Annual Meeting (AIChE Annual Meeting), Pittsburgh, USA. 2018;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3816 .

Felischak, Matthias, Nikolić, Daliborka, Petkovska, Menka, Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas, "Forced periodic reactor operation with simultaneous modulation of two inputs: Nonlinear frequency response analysis  and experimental demonstration" in American Institute of Chemical Engineers Annual Meeting (AIChE Annual Meeting), Pittsburgh, USA (2018),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3816 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Felischak, Matthias
AU  - Nikolić, Daliborka
AU  - Petkovska, Menka
AU  - Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas
PY  - 2018
UR  - https://www.aidic.it/iscre25/programme.php
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3839
AB  - Theoretical evaluation of possible reactor improvement for periodic operation. Automated experimental setup was built, with a lab-scale CSTR and adjustable flow-rates, in which periodic operations can be conducted. The concept was implemented for the hydrolysis of acetic anhydride as a model reaction.
C3  - The 25th International Symposium of Chemical Reaction Engineering (ISCRE 25), Florance, Italy
T1  - Forced periodic reactor operation with simultaneous modulation of two inputs: Experimental investigation based on Nonlinear Frequency Response Analysis
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3839
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Felischak, Matthias and Nikolić, Daliborka and Petkovska, Menka and Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas",
year = "2018",
abstract = "Theoretical evaluation of possible reactor improvement for periodic operation. Automated experimental setup was built, with a lab-scale CSTR and adjustable flow-rates, in which periodic operations can be conducted. The concept was implemented for the hydrolysis of acetic anhydride as a model reaction.",
journal = "The 25th International Symposium of Chemical Reaction Engineering (ISCRE 25), Florance, Italy",
title = "Forced periodic reactor operation with simultaneous modulation of two inputs: Experimental investigation based on Nonlinear Frequency Response Analysis",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3839"
}

Felischak, M., Nikolić, D., Petkovska, M.,& Seidel-Morgenstern, A.. (2018). Forced periodic reactor operation with simultaneous modulation of two inputs: Experimental investigation based on Nonlinear Frequency Response Analysis. in The 25th International Symposium of Chemical Reaction Engineering (ISCRE 25), Florance, Italy.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3839

Felischak M, Nikolić D, Petkovska M, Seidel-Morgenstern A. Forced periodic reactor operation with simultaneous modulation of two inputs: Experimental investigation based on Nonlinear Frequency Response Analysis. in The 25th International Symposium of Chemical Reaction Engineering (ISCRE 25), Florance, Italy. 2018;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3839 .

Felischak, Matthias, Nikolić, Daliborka, Petkovska, Menka, Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas, "Forced periodic reactor operation with simultaneous modulation of two inputs: Experimental investigation based on Nonlinear Frequency Response Analysis" in The 25th International Symposium of Chemical Reaction Engineering (ISCRE 25), Florance, Italy (2018),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3839 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Nikolić, Daliborka
AU  - Felischak, Matthias
AU  - Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas
AU  - Petkovska, Menka
PY  - 2017
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3814
AB  - Deliberate periodic operations have been recognized as one way of process intensification for several decades. Special attention has been dedicated to possible improvements of chemical reactor performance through periodic modulation of one or more inputs. In our previous investigations we have developed a new, nonlinear frequency response (NFR) method, as a fast and easy analytical method for evaluating the performance of forced periodically operated chemical reactors. The NFR method is based on nonlinear frequency response analysis and the concept of higher order frequency response function (FRFs) [1]. In its essence the method is approximate and it is limited to analysis of stable, weakly nonlinear systems. The method gives an answer whether, and in which cases, it is possible to obtain process improvement through periodic operation. It also gives an approximate quantitative estimate of the improvement. In addition, the method enables choosing the best forcing parameters of the modulated input(s) (frequency, amplitude and, for multiple input modulation, the phase difference between the input waves).
The NFR method was originally developed for sinusoidal forcing function(s) [1]. Recently, it was extended to a general case which is applicable for any shape of the periodic input modulation, by expanding the input function into Fourier series and taking into account only a finite number of harmonics [2]. This opens a new possibility of choosing the best shape of the input wave, as well.
In this paper, the NFR method is used to evaluate the performance of a forced periodically operated adiabatic continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) in which an exothermal reaction of hydrolysis of acetic acid anhydride to acetic acid takes place [3]. The analysisis performed for periodic modulations of the acetic anhydride concentration in the feed stream, around a previously established optimal steady state. Different shapes of the input forcing function (sinusoidal, square-wave, triangle, saw-tooth,…) were analyzed, in order to determine the best strategy of performing periodic operation. The acetic acid yield is used as a measure of the reactor performance. The increases of the product yield (relative to the steady-state value) for different shapes of the forcing function are compared. Finally, the best forcing strategy (regarding the shape, frequency and amplitude of the input wave) is chosen to be applied for experimental investigation in a lab-scale adiabatic CSTR.
C3  - 10th World Congress of Chemical Engineering (WCCE10), Barcelona, Spain
T1  - Comparison of possible improvements of a periodically operated adiabatic CSTR with inlet concentration modulation for different shapes of the forcing function
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3814
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Nikolić, Daliborka and Felischak, Matthias and Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas and Petkovska, Menka",
year = "2017",
abstract = "Deliberate periodic operations have been recognized as one way of process intensification for several decades. Special attention has been dedicated to possible improvements of chemical reactor performance through periodic modulation of one or more inputs. In our previous investigations we have developed a new, nonlinear frequency response (NFR) method, as a fast and easy analytical method for evaluating the performance of forced periodically operated chemical reactors. The NFR method is based on nonlinear frequency response analysis and the concept of higher order frequency response function (FRFs) [1]. In its essence the method is approximate and it is limited to analysis of stable, weakly nonlinear systems. The method gives an answer whether, and in which cases, it is possible to obtain process improvement through periodic operation. It also gives an approximate quantitative estimate of the improvement. In addition, the method enables choosing the best forcing parameters of the modulated input(s) (frequency, amplitude and, for multiple input modulation, the phase difference between the input waves).
The NFR method was originally developed for sinusoidal forcing function(s) [1]. Recently, it was extended to a general case which is applicable for any shape of the periodic input modulation, by expanding the input function into Fourier series and taking into account only a finite number of harmonics [2]. This opens a new possibility of choosing the best shape of the input wave, as well.
In this paper, the NFR method is used to evaluate the performance of a forced periodically operated adiabatic continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) in which an exothermal reaction of hydrolysis of acetic acid anhydride to acetic acid takes place [3]. The analysisis performed for periodic modulations of the acetic anhydride concentration in the feed stream, around a previously established optimal steady state. Different shapes of the input forcing function (sinusoidal, square-wave, triangle, saw-tooth,…) were analyzed, in order to determine the best strategy of performing periodic operation. The acetic acid yield is used as a measure of the reactor performance. The increases of the product yield (relative to the steady-state value) for different shapes of the forcing function are compared. Finally, the best forcing strategy (regarding the shape, frequency and amplitude of the input wave) is chosen to be applied for experimental investigation in a lab-scale adiabatic CSTR.",
journal = "10th World Congress of Chemical Engineering (WCCE10), Barcelona, Spain",
title = "Comparison of possible improvements of a periodically operated adiabatic CSTR with inlet concentration modulation for different shapes of the forcing function",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3814"
}

Nikolić, D., Felischak, M., Seidel-Morgenstern, A.,& Petkovska, M.. (2017). Comparison of possible improvements of a periodically operated adiabatic CSTR with inlet concentration modulation for different shapes of the forcing function. in 10th World Congress of Chemical Engineering (WCCE10), Barcelona, Spain.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3814

Nikolić D, Felischak M, Seidel-Morgenstern A, Petkovska M. Comparison of possible improvements of a periodically operated adiabatic CSTR with inlet concentration modulation for different shapes of the forcing function. in 10th World Congress of Chemical Engineering (WCCE10), Barcelona, Spain. 2017;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3814 .

Nikolić, Daliborka, Felischak, Matthias, Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas, Petkovska, Menka, "Comparison of possible improvements of a periodically operated adiabatic CSTR with inlet concentration modulation for different shapes of the forcing function" in 10th World Congress of Chemical Engineering (WCCE10), Barcelona, Spain (2017),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3814 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Nikolić, Daliborka
AU  - Felischak, Matthias
AU  - Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas
AU  - Petkovska, Menka
PY  - 2017
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3815
AB  - Poster presented at: 10th World Congress of Chemical Engineering (WCCE10), Barcelona, Spain
T1  - Comparison of possible improvements of a periodically operated adiabatic CSTR with inlet concentration modulation for different shapes of the forcing function
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3815
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Nikolić, Daliborka and Felischak, Matthias and Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas and Petkovska, Menka",
year = "2017",
abstract = "Poster presented at: 10th World Congress of Chemical Engineering (WCCE10), Barcelona, Spain",
title = "Comparison of possible improvements of a periodically operated adiabatic CSTR with inlet concentration modulation for different shapes of the forcing function",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3815"
}

Nikolić, D., Felischak, M., Seidel-Morgenstern, A.,& Petkovska, M.. (2017). Comparison of possible improvements of a periodically operated adiabatic CSTR with inlet concentration modulation for different shapes of the forcing function. .
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3815

Nikolić D, Felischak M, Seidel-Morgenstern A, Petkovska M. Comparison of possible improvements of a periodically operated adiabatic CSTR with inlet concentration modulation for different shapes of the forcing function. 2017;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3815 .

Nikolić, Daliborka, Felischak, Matthias, Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas, Petkovska, Menka, "Comparison of possible improvements of a periodically operated adiabatic CSTR with inlet concentration modulation for different shapes of the forcing function" (2017),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3815 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Petkovska, Menka
AU  - Nikolić, Daliborka
AU  - Felischak, Matthias
AU  - Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas
PY  - 2016
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3810
AB  - Forced periodic operation of chemical reactors possess significant potential to improve numerous performance criteria. The corresponding analysis of reaction systems and the estimation of the magnitude of possible performance improvements have occupied many researchers since the earlier explorations by Douglas and Rippin (1966), Horn and Lin (1967) and Bailey (1973). Theoretical problems related to identification and estimation of enhancement were typically analyzed evaluating suitable control criteria applying four major approaches described by Watanabe et al. (1981) and Parulekar (2003). However, there are hardly industrial applications of the promising concept and there is still a need in generally applicable methods for identifying and analyzing promising reaction systems.


New Approach

We suggest applying the nonlinear frequency response (NFR) method to predict the outcome of perturbing periodically one or several input variables. Applying the concept of higher order frequency response functions (FRFs) weakly nonlinear systems can be described analytically (Petkovska and Seidel-Morgenstern, 2013). Those systems contain a harmonic and a non-periodic (DC) term. As an indicator for the mean performance of the forced periodic operation the value and sign of the DC component of the outlet give insight up to which extent improvements can be expected by the forced input changes. Applying the NRF method the non-periodic term can be efficiently estimated for the modulation of a single input and also for multiple inputs.
To demonstrate the strength of the theoretical concept the model of an adiabatic CSTR was analyzed considering reactions of different order. Estimates are provided for different frequencies of sinusoidal changes of the inlet composition, the total inlet flow and the feed temperature. It will be shown, that it is in particular attractive to perturb simultaneously two input variables using an optimal phase shift, which can be determined using our method (Nikolic et al., 2015).


Experimental

To validate theoretical predictions we carried out experiments in a laboratory scale CSTR considering the hydrolysis of acetic anhydride as a test reaction. The performance of the reaction system was evaluated with respect to different objectives under various steady state conditions, including theoretically optimal ones,  and for various types of single and binary input perturbations.
C3  - German reaction Engineering Meeting (DECHEMA), Wuerzburg, Germany
T1  - Exploiting the Nonlinear Frequency Response Method to Evaluate the Potential of Forced Periodic Operation of Reactors
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3810
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Petkovska, Menka and Nikolić, Daliborka and Felischak, Matthias and Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas",
year = "2016",
abstract = "Forced periodic operation of chemical reactors possess significant potential to improve numerous performance criteria. The corresponding analysis of reaction systems and the estimation of the magnitude of possible performance improvements have occupied many researchers since the earlier explorations by Douglas and Rippin (1966), Horn and Lin (1967) and Bailey (1973). Theoretical problems related to identification and estimation of enhancement were typically analyzed evaluating suitable control criteria applying four major approaches described by Watanabe et al. (1981) and Parulekar (2003). However, there are hardly industrial applications of the promising concept and there is still a need in generally applicable methods for identifying and analyzing promising reaction systems.


New Approach

We suggest applying the nonlinear frequency response (NFR) method to predict the outcome of perturbing periodically one or several input variables. Applying the concept of higher order frequency response functions (FRFs) weakly nonlinear systems can be described analytically (Petkovska and Seidel-Morgenstern, 2013). Those systems contain a harmonic and a non-periodic (DC) term. As an indicator for the mean performance of the forced periodic operation the value and sign of the DC component of the outlet give insight up to which extent improvements can be expected by the forced input changes. Applying the NRF method the non-periodic term can be efficiently estimated for the modulation of a single input and also for multiple inputs.
To demonstrate the strength of the theoretical concept the model of an adiabatic CSTR was analyzed considering reactions of different order. Estimates are provided for different frequencies of sinusoidal changes of the inlet composition, the total inlet flow and the feed temperature. It will be shown, that it is in particular attractive to perturb simultaneously two input variables using an optimal phase shift, which can be determined using our method (Nikolic et al., 2015).


Experimental

To validate theoretical predictions we carried out experiments in a laboratory scale CSTR considering the hydrolysis of acetic anhydride as a test reaction. The performance of the reaction system was evaluated with respect to different objectives under various steady state conditions, including theoretically optimal ones,  and for various types of single and binary input perturbations.",
journal = "German reaction Engineering Meeting (DECHEMA), Wuerzburg, Germany",
title = "Exploiting the Nonlinear Frequency Response Method to Evaluate the Potential of Forced Periodic Operation of Reactors",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3810"
}

Petkovska, M., Nikolić, D., Felischak, M.,& Seidel-Morgenstern, A.. (2016). Exploiting the Nonlinear Frequency Response Method to Evaluate the Potential of Forced Periodic Operation of Reactors. in German reaction Engineering Meeting (DECHEMA), Wuerzburg, Germany.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3810

Petkovska M, Nikolić D, Felischak M, Seidel-Morgenstern A. Exploiting the Nonlinear Frequency Response Method to Evaluate the Potential of Forced Periodic Operation of Reactors. in German reaction Engineering Meeting (DECHEMA), Wuerzburg, Germany. 2016;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3810 .

Petkovska, Menka, Nikolić, Daliborka, Felischak, Matthias, Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas, "Exploiting the Nonlinear Frequency Response Method to Evaluate the Potential of Forced Periodic Operation of Reactors" in German reaction Engineering Meeting (DECHEMA), Wuerzburg, Germany (2016),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3810 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Petkovska, Menka
AU  - Nikolić, Daliborka
AU  - Felischak, Matthias
AU  - Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas
PY  - 2016
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3812
AB  - Forced periodic operations of chemical reactors possess significant potential to improve numerous performance criteria. The corresponding analysis of reaction systems and the estimation of the magnitude of possible performance improvements have occupied many researchers since the earliest explorations by Douglas and Rippin (1966), Horn and Lin (1967) and Bailey (1973). Theoretical problems related to identification and estimation of the enhancement were typically analyzed evaluating suitable control criteria and applying four major approaches described by Watanabe et al. (1981) and Parulekar (2003). However, there are hardly industrial applications of this promising concept and there is still a need for developing generally applicable methods for identifying and analyzing promising reaction systems. NEW APPROACH We suggest applying the nonlinear frequency response (NFR) method to predict the outcome of perturbing periodically one or several input variables. Applying the concept of higher order frequency response functions (FRFs) weakly nonlinear systems can be described analytically (Petkovska and Seidel-Morgenstern, 2013). The response of a weakly nonlinear system to periodic input change(s) contains a periodic term, consisting of the basic and a number of higher harmonics, and a non-periodic (DC) component. The value and sign of the DC component of the outlet  can be used as an indicator for the mean performance of the forced periodic operation, as it  gives insight whether and  to which extent improvements can be expected as a result of forced periodic modulation(s) of the input(s). Applying the NRF method, the non-periodic term can be efficiently estimated for modulation of  single or multiple inputs. To demonstrate the strength of the theoretical concept the model of an adiabatic CSTR was analyzed considering reactions of different orders. Estimates are provided for different frequencies of sinusoidal changes of the inlet composition, the total inlet flow-rate and the feed temperature. It will be shown that it is in particular attractive to perturb simultaneously two input variables using the optimal phase shift, which can be determined using our method (Nikolic et al., 2015). EXPERIMENTAL To validate the theoretical predictions we carried out experiments in a laboratory scale CSTR using hydrolysis of acetic anhydride as a test reaction. The performance of the reaction system was evaluated with respect to different objectives under various steady state conditions, including theoretically optimal ones, and for various types of single and binary input perturbations.
C3  - American Institute of Chemical Engineers Annual Meeting (AIChE Annual Meeting), San Francisco, USA
T1  - Exploiting the Nonlinear Frequency Response Method to Evaluate the Potential of Forced Periodic Operation of Reactors
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3812
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Petkovska, Menka and Nikolić, Daliborka and Felischak, Matthias and Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas",
year = "2016",
abstract = "Forced periodic operations of chemical reactors possess significant potential to improve numerous performance criteria. The corresponding analysis of reaction systems and the estimation of the magnitude of possible performance improvements have occupied many researchers since the earliest explorations by Douglas and Rippin (1966), Horn and Lin (1967) and Bailey (1973). Theoretical problems related to identification and estimation of the enhancement were typically analyzed evaluating suitable control criteria and applying four major approaches described by Watanabe et al. (1981) and Parulekar (2003). However, there are hardly industrial applications of this promising concept and there is still a need for developing generally applicable methods for identifying and analyzing promising reaction systems. NEW APPROACH We suggest applying the nonlinear frequency response (NFR) method to predict the outcome of perturbing periodically one or several input variables. Applying the concept of higher order frequency response functions (FRFs) weakly nonlinear systems can be described analytically (Petkovska and Seidel-Morgenstern, 2013). The response of a weakly nonlinear system to periodic input change(s) contains a periodic term, consisting of the basic and a number of higher harmonics, and a non-periodic (DC) component. The value and sign of the DC component of the outlet  can be used as an indicator for the mean performance of the forced periodic operation, as it  gives insight whether and  to which extent improvements can be expected as a result of forced periodic modulation(s) of the input(s). Applying the NRF method, the non-periodic term can be efficiently estimated for modulation of  single or multiple inputs. To demonstrate the strength of the theoretical concept the model of an adiabatic CSTR was analyzed considering reactions of different orders. Estimates are provided for different frequencies of sinusoidal changes of the inlet composition, the total inlet flow-rate and the feed temperature. It will be shown that it is in particular attractive to perturb simultaneously two input variables using the optimal phase shift, which can be determined using our method (Nikolic et al., 2015). EXPERIMENTAL To validate the theoretical predictions we carried out experiments in a laboratory scale CSTR using hydrolysis of acetic anhydride as a test reaction. The performance of the reaction system was evaluated with respect to different objectives under various steady state conditions, including theoretically optimal ones, and for various types of single and binary input perturbations.",
journal = "American Institute of Chemical Engineers Annual Meeting (AIChE Annual Meeting), San Francisco, USA",
title = "Exploiting the Nonlinear Frequency Response Method to Evaluate the Potential of Forced Periodic Operation of Reactors",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3812"
}

Petkovska, M., Nikolić, D., Felischak, M.,& Seidel-Morgenstern, A.. (2016). Exploiting the Nonlinear Frequency Response Method to Evaluate the Potential of Forced Periodic Operation of Reactors. in American Institute of Chemical Engineers Annual Meeting (AIChE Annual Meeting), San Francisco, USA.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3812

Petkovska M, Nikolić D, Felischak M, Seidel-Morgenstern A. Exploiting the Nonlinear Frequency Response Method to Evaluate the Potential of Forced Periodic Operation of Reactors. in American Institute of Chemical Engineers Annual Meeting (AIChE Annual Meeting), San Francisco, USA. 2016;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3812 .

Petkovska, Menka, Nikolić, Daliborka, Felischak, Matthias, Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas, "Exploiting the Nonlinear Frequency Response Method to Evaluate the Potential of Forced Periodic Operation of Reactors" in American Institute of Chemical Engineers Annual Meeting (AIChE Annual Meeting), San Francisco, USA (2016),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3812 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Felischak, Matthias
AU  - Nikolić, Daliborka
AU  - Petkovska, Menka
AU  - Christof, Hamel
AU  - Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas
PY  - 2016
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3845
AB  - The method of nonlinear frequency response (NFR) attempts to predict the outcome of perturbation for the instructive input variables using nonlinear functions within the model equations. The aim of the derived models is the estimation of optimal frequencies and amplitudes for sinusoidal changes of the total inlet flow, concentration, temperature and the cooling temperature, as well as combinations of several of these inputs. As a model reaction the hydrolysis of acetic anhydride in a continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) has been chosen. This exothermal reaction is investigated for the cases of separately and simultaneously modulated inlet concentrations and feed flow rates. For the experimental validation of predicted model-based results at first a verification and adjustment of the kinetic parameters is performed. Based on these results an optimal steady-state is calculated, which is used as an initial state of periodic operations. To estimate the performance of the reaction system mean values of the conversion of acetic anhydride and the yield of acetic acid are compared to the corresponding steady-state values of the reactor. Different forcing frequencies, input amplitudes and, for multiple input parameter, phase shift between them are investigated. The theoretical foundation as well as systematic exploration of the experimental possibilities will be presented.
C3  - 22nd International Congress of Chemical and Process Engineering (CHISA 2016), Prague, Czech Republic
T1  - Evaluation of nonlinear frequency response method for the hydrolysis of acetic anhydride
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3845
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Felischak, Matthias and Nikolić, Daliborka and Petkovska, Menka and Christof, Hamel and Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas",
year = "2016",
abstract = "The method of nonlinear frequency response (NFR) attempts to predict the outcome of perturbation for the instructive input variables using nonlinear functions within the model equations. The aim of the derived models is the estimation of optimal frequencies and amplitudes for sinusoidal changes of the total inlet flow, concentration, temperature and the cooling temperature, as well as combinations of several of these inputs. As a model reaction the hydrolysis of acetic anhydride in a continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) has been chosen. This exothermal reaction is investigated for the cases of separately and simultaneously modulated inlet concentrations and feed flow rates. For the experimental validation of predicted model-based results at first a verification and adjustment of the kinetic parameters is performed. Based on these results an optimal steady-state is calculated, which is used as an initial state of periodic operations. To estimate the performance of the reaction system mean values of the conversion of acetic anhydride and the yield of acetic acid are compared to the corresponding steady-state values of the reactor. Different forcing frequencies, input amplitudes and, for multiple input parameter, phase shift between them are investigated. The theoretical foundation as well as systematic exploration of the experimental possibilities will be presented.",
journal = "22nd International Congress of Chemical and Process Engineering (CHISA 2016), Prague, Czech Republic",
title = "Evaluation of nonlinear frequency response method for the hydrolysis of acetic anhydride",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3845"
}

Felischak, M., Nikolić, D., Petkovska, M., Christof, H.,& Seidel-Morgenstern, A.. (2016). Evaluation of nonlinear frequency response method for the hydrolysis of acetic anhydride. in 22nd International Congress of Chemical and Process Engineering (CHISA 2016), Prague, Czech Republic.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3845

Felischak M, Nikolić D, Petkovska M, Christof H, Seidel-Morgenstern A. Evaluation of nonlinear frequency response method for the hydrolysis of acetic anhydride. in 22nd International Congress of Chemical and Process Engineering (CHISA 2016), Prague, Czech Republic. 2016;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3845 .

Felischak, Matthias, Nikolić, Daliborka, Petkovska, Menka, Christof, Hamel, Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas, "Evaluation of nonlinear frequency response method for the hydrolysis of acetic anhydride" in 22nd International Congress of Chemical and Process Engineering (CHISA 2016), Prague, Czech Republic (2016),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3845 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nikolić-Paunić, Daliborka
AU  - Felischak, Matthias
AU  - Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas
AU  - Petkovska, Menka
PY  - 2016
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1890
AB  - The nonlinear frequency response (NFR) method, which is an analytical, fast, and easy method for evaluating the performance of forced periodically operated chemical reactors, was used to investigate possible improvements to a nonisothermal continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) when inlet concentration and/or flow rate are periodically modulated. The product yield was used for evaluating the performance improvements. Part I of this paper considered the general nonisothermal case. In this part, the results are applied to an adiabatic CSTR. A laboratory-scale adiabatic CSTR was analyzed by applying kinetic parameters for the hydrolysis of acetic anhydride. It is shown that improvement can be obtained for simultaneous modulation of the two inputs with appropriately chosen forcing parameters.
PB  - Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, Weinheim
T2  - Chemical Engineering & Technology
T1  - Periodic Operation with Modulation of Inlet Concentration and Flow Rate Part II: Adiabatic Continuous Stirred-Tank Reactor
VL  - 39
IS  - 11
SP  - 2126
EP  - 2134
DO  - 10.1002/ceat.201600187
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Nikolić-Paunić, Daliborka and Felischak, Matthias and Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas and Petkovska, Menka",
year = "2016",
abstract = "The nonlinear frequency response (NFR) method, which is an analytical, fast, and easy method for evaluating the performance of forced periodically operated chemical reactors, was used to investigate possible improvements to a nonisothermal continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) when inlet concentration and/or flow rate are periodically modulated. The product yield was used for evaluating the performance improvements. Part I of this paper considered the general nonisothermal case. In this part, the results are applied to an adiabatic CSTR. A laboratory-scale adiabatic CSTR was analyzed by applying kinetic parameters for the hydrolysis of acetic anhydride. It is shown that improvement can be obtained for simultaneous modulation of the two inputs with appropriately chosen forcing parameters.",
publisher = "Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, Weinheim",
journal = "Chemical Engineering & Technology",
title = "Periodic Operation with Modulation of Inlet Concentration and Flow Rate Part II: Adiabatic Continuous Stirred-Tank Reactor",
volume = "39",
number = "11",
pages = "2126-2134",
doi = "10.1002/ceat.201600187"
}

Nikolić-Paunić, D., Felischak, M., Seidel-Morgenstern, A.,& Petkovska, M.. (2016). Periodic Operation with Modulation of Inlet Concentration and Flow Rate Part II: Adiabatic Continuous Stirred-Tank Reactor. in Chemical Engineering & Technology
Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, Weinheim., 39(11), 2126-2134.
https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.201600187

Nikolić-Paunić D, Felischak M, Seidel-Morgenstern A, Petkovska M. Periodic Operation with Modulation of Inlet Concentration and Flow Rate Part II: Adiabatic Continuous Stirred-Tank Reactor. in Chemical Engineering & Technology. 2016;39(11):2126-2134.
doi:10.1002/ceat.201600187 .

Nikolić-Paunić, Daliborka, Felischak, Matthias, Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas, Petkovska, Menka, "Periodic Operation with Modulation of Inlet Concentration and Flow Rate Part II: Adiabatic Continuous Stirred-Tank Reactor" in Chemical Engineering & Technology, 39, no. 11 (2016):2126-2134,
https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.201600187 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Nikolić, Daliborka
AU  - Felischak, Matthias
AU  - Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas
AU  - Petkovska, Menka
PY  - 2015
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3805
AB  - The nonlinear frequency response (NFR) method is a relatively new, fast and easy, analytical method for evaluating the performance of forced periodically operated chemical reactors. The method has been introduced in our previous publications. It is based on the concept of higher order frequency response functions (FRFs), which is applicable for weakly nonlinear systems. Frequency response of a weakly nonlinear system, in addition to the basic harmonic, contains a non-periodic (DC) term and, theoretically, an infinite sequence of higher harmonics. The DC component of the output is responsible for the average performance of the periodically operated reactor, and its sign and value define whether, and to which extent, the periodic operation leads to process improvement. Using the NFR method, this DC component can be approximately estimated from a single asymmetrical second order FRF (for modulation of a single input) or from several single input and cross-FRFs (for multiple-input modulation). For the case of multiple modulated inputs, the optimal phase difference between the modulated inputs is easily estimated.
In this work, the NFR method is used for evaluation of a forced periodically operated adiabatic continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) in which an exothermal reaction of hydrolysis of acetic acid anhydride, giving acetic acid takes place. The analysis is performed for the cases when inlet concentration of the reactant and flow-rate of the feed stream are periodically modulated, separately or simultaneously. Optimization of the steady-state operation of the reactor is performed first, and periodic operations around that steady-state are considered. Periodic operations with sinusoidal and square wave modulations are analysed and compared to the optimal steady-state operation. Conversion of the reactant (acetic acid anhydride) and yield of the product (acetic acid) are used for comparison. The kinetic data used for the analysis were obtained from previous experimental investigation.
The possible increase the conversion and a yield are analyzed as functions of the forcing frequency, input amplitude(s) and, for two-input modulation, the phase difference between them. It was shown that modulation of the inlet concentration would cause slight process improvement, while modulation of the flow-rate would worsen the reactor performance. It was also shown that simultaneous modulation of the inlet concentration and flow-rate would cause significant improvements. 
The purpose of this work is to perform a screening of the forcing parameters (number and choice of the modulated inputs, forcing frequency, amplitude(s) and phase shift) of the periodic operations that would maximize the reactant conversion and the product yield for the reaction of acetic acid anhydride hydrolysis. This screening is preparation stage for experimental investigation which will be performed next.
C3  - European Symposium on Chemical Reaction Engineering (ESCRE 2015), Munich, Germany
T1  - Evaluation of possible performance improvement through periodic operation for the reaction of acetic acid anhydride hydrolisis
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3805
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Nikolić, Daliborka and Felischak, Matthias and Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas and Petkovska, Menka",
year = "2015",
abstract = "The nonlinear frequency response (NFR) method is a relatively new, fast and easy, analytical method for evaluating the performance of forced periodically operated chemical reactors. The method has been introduced in our previous publications. It is based on the concept of higher order frequency response functions (FRFs), which is applicable for weakly nonlinear systems. Frequency response of a weakly nonlinear system, in addition to the basic harmonic, contains a non-periodic (DC) term and, theoretically, an infinite sequence of higher harmonics. The DC component of the output is responsible for the average performance of the periodically operated reactor, and its sign and value define whether, and to which extent, the periodic operation leads to process improvement. Using the NFR method, this DC component can be approximately estimated from a single asymmetrical second order FRF (for modulation of a single input) or from several single input and cross-FRFs (for multiple-input modulation). For the case of multiple modulated inputs, the optimal phase difference between the modulated inputs is easily estimated.
In this work, the NFR method is used for evaluation of a forced periodically operated adiabatic continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) in which an exothermal reaction of hydrolysis of acetic acid anhydride, giving acetic acid takes place. The analysis is performed for the cases when inlet concentration of the reactant and flow-rate of the feed stream are periodically modulated, separately or simultaneously. Optimization of the steady-state operation of the reactor is performed first, and periodic operations around that steady-state are considered. Periodic operations with sinusoidal and square wave modulations are analysed and compared to the optimal steady-state operation. Conversion of the reactant (acetic acid anhydride) and yield of the product (acetic acid) are used for comparison. The kinetic data used for the analysis were obtained from previous experimental investigation.
The possible increase the conversion and a yield are analyzed as functions of the forcing frequency, input amplitude(s) and, for two-input modulation, the phase difference between them. It was shown that modulation of the inlet concentration would cause slight process improvement, while modulation of the flow-rate would worsen the reactor performance. It was also shown that simultaneous modulation of the inlet concentration and flow-rate would cause significant improvements. 
The purpose of this work is to perform a screening of the forcing parameters (number and choice of the modulated inputs, forcing frequency, amplitude(s) and phase shift) of the periodic operations that would maximize the reactant conversion and the product yield for the reaction of acetic acid anhydride hydrolysis. This screening is preparation stage for experimental investigation which will be performed next.",
journal = "European Symposium on Chemical Reaction Engineering (ESCRE 2015), Munich, Germany",
title = "Evaluation of possible performance improvement through periodic operation for the reaction of acetic acid anhydride hydrolisis",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3805"
}

Nikolić, D., Felischak, M., Seidel-Morgenstern, A.,& Petkovska, M.. (2015). Evaluation of possible performance improvement through periodic operation for the reaction of acetic acid anhydride hydrolisis. in European Symposium on Chemical Reaction Engineering (ESCRE 2015), Munich, Germany.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3805

Nikolić D, Felischak M, Seidel-Morgenstern A, Petkovska M. Evaluation of possible performance improvement through periodic operation for the reaction of acetic acid anhydride hydrolisis. in European Symposium on Chemical Reaction Engineering (ESCRE 2015), Munich, Germany. 2015;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3805 .

Nikolić, Daliborka, Felischak, Matthias, Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas, Petkovska, Menka, "Evaluation of possible performance improvement through periodic operation for the reaction of acetic acid anhydride hydrolisis" in European Symposium on Chemical Reaction Engineering (ESCRE 2015), Munich, Germany (2015),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_3805 .