TY  - JOUR
AU  - Malnar, Maja
AU  - Radojičić, Vesna
AU  - Kulić, Gordana
AU  - Dinić, Zoran
AU  - Cvetković, Olga
PY  - 2023
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/7224
AB  - As a tobacco producer, Serbia has to deal with large amounts of leftover tobacco stalks after harvesting. One option for this type of  biomass is to burn it, but burning is not encouraged in Serbia, since the levels of its combustion products have not been investigated yet.  The aim of this study was therefore to determine the elemental composition, ash and nicotine content, heat values, and composition of  gaseous combustion products of tobacco stalk briquettes and to see if their mixing with other types of biomass available in Serbia could  improve their ecological profile. We made 11 different types of briquettes: six of pure raw materials, including burley tobacco stalks,  sunflower head remains, wheat straw, corncob, soy straw, and beech sawdust and five by mixing tobacco stalks with these other raw materials  in a 50:50 mass ratio. All briquettes meet the ecological criteria regarding the emission limits for nitrogen oxides (NOx ), sulphur dioxide,  carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. Nicotine content in flue gases (<10 mg/kg) is far below the maximum level allowed by the European  Union. Heat values of all biomass samples are acceptable, although lower than those specified for solid biofuels (≥16.0 MJ/kg), save for  corncob and beech sawdust and their mixtures with tobacco stalks. Our findings therefore encourage the use of tobacco stalks as a viable  biofuel.
AB  - Kao proizvođač duhana, Srbija raspolaže velikim količinama stabljika duhana koje ostaju nakon berbe listova. Jedna je od opcija za ovu  vrstu biomase njezino izgaranje, ali se ono ne promiče u Srbiji jer još uvijek nisu istraženi njezini produkti izgaranja. Stoga je cilj ovog  istraživanja bio utvrditi elementarni sastav, sadržaj pepela i nikotina, ogrjevnu vrijednost i sastav plinovitih produkata pri izgaranju briketa  od duhanskih stabljika i ustanoviti može li njihovo miješanje s drugim vrstama biomase, koje su dostupne u Srbiji, poboljšati njihov ekološki  profil. Proizveli smo 11 različitih vrsta briketa: šest od čistih sirovina, uključujući stabljike berlej duhana, ostatke glava suncokreta, pšeničnu  slamu, kukuruzni oklasak, sojinu slamu i bukovu piljevinu, a pet od mješavina stabljike duhana s ostalim navedenim sirovinama u odnosu  50:50. Utvrđeno je da svi briketi ispunjavaju ekološke kriterije u pogledu ograničenja emisije dušikova oksida (NOx ), sumporova dioksida,  ugljikova monoksida i ugljikova dioksida. Sadržaj nikotina u dimnim plinovima (<10 mg/kg) znatno je ispod maksimalne vrijednosti koju  dopušta Europska unija. Prihvatljive su ogrjevne vrijednosti svih uzoraka biomase iako su ispod kriterija za specifikacije i klase čvrstih  biogoriva (≥16,0 MJ/kg), osim za kukuruzni oklasak i bukovu piljevinu, kao i njihove mješavine sa stabljikama duhana. Naši nalazi stoga  idu u prilog uporabi stabljika duhana kao održivoga biogoriva.
PB  - Walter de Gruyter GmbH
T2  - Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology
T1  - Energy and emission properties of burley tobacco stalk briquettes and its combinations with other biomass as promising replacement for coal
T1  - Energetska i emisijska svojstva briketa od stabljika berlej duhana i njihovih kombinacija sa drugom biomasom kao obećavajuća  zamjena za ugljen
VL  - 74
IS  - 1
SP  - 61
EP  - 68
DO  - 10.2478/aiht-2023-74-3630
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Malnar, Maja and Radojičić, Vesna and Kulić, Gordana and Dinić, Zoran and Cvetković, Olga",
year = "2023",
abstract = "As a tobacco producer, Serbia has to deal with large amounts of leftover tobacco stalks after harvesting. One option for this type of  biomass is to burn it, but burning is not encouraged in Serbia, since the levels of its combustion products have not been investigated yet.  The aim of this study was therefore to determine the elemental composition, ash and nicotine content, heat values, and composition of  gaseous combustion products of tobacco stalk briquettes and to see if their mixing with other types of biomass available in Serbia could  improve their ecological profile. We made 11 different types of briquettes: six of pure raw materials, including burley tobacco stalks,  sunflower head remains, wheat straw, corncob, soy straw, and beech sawdust and five by mixing tobacco stalks with these other raw materials  in a 50:50 mass ratio. All briquettes meet the ecological criteria regarding the emission limits for nitrogen oxides (NOx ), sulphur dioxide,  carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. Nicotine content in flue gases (<10 mg/kg) is far below the maximum level allowed by the European  Union. Heat values of all biomass samples are acceptable, although lower than those specified for solid biofuels (≥16.0 MJ/kg), save for  corncob and beech sawdust and their mixtures with tobacco stalks. Our findings therefore encourage the use of tobacco stalks as a viable  biofuel., Kao proizvođač duhana, Srbija raspolaže velikim količinama stabljika duhana koje ostaju nakon berbe listova. Jedna je od opcija za ovu  vrstu biomase njezino izgaranje, ali se ono ne promiče u Srbiji jer još uvijek nisu istraženi njezini produkti izgaranja. Stoga je cilj ovog  istraživanja bio utvrditi elementarni sastav, sadržaj pepela i nikotina, ogrjevnu vrijednost i sastav plinovitih produkata pri izgaranju briketa  od duhanskih stabljika i ustanoviti može li njihovo miješanje s drugim vrstama biomase, koje su dostupne u Srbiji, poboljšati njihov ekološki  profil. Proizveli smo 11 različitih vrsta briketa: šest od čistih sirovina, uključujući stabljike berlej duhana, ostatke glava suncokreta, pšeničnu  slamu, kukuruzni oklasak, sojinu slamu i bukovu piljevinu, a pet od mješavina stabljike duhana s ostalim navedenim sirovinama u odnosu  50:50. Utvrđeno je da svi briketi ispunjavaju ekološke kriterije u pogledu ograničenja emisije dušikova oksida (NOx ), sumporova dioksida,  ugljikova monoksida i ugljikova dioksida. Sadržaj nikotina u dimnim plinovima (<10 mg/kg) znatno je ispod maksimalne vrijednosti koju  dopušta Europska unija. Prihvatljive su ogrjevne vrijednosti svih uzoraka biomase iako su ispod kriterija za specifikacije i klase čvrstih  biogoriva (≥16,0 MJ/kg), osim za kukuruzni oklasak i bukovu piljevinu, kao i njihove mješavine sa stabljikama duhana. Naši nalazi stoga  idu u prilog uporabi stabljika duhana kao održivoga biogoriva.",
publisher = "Walter de Gruyter GmbH",
journal = "Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology",
title = "Energy and emission properties of burley tobacco stalk briquettes and its combinations with other biomass as promising replacement for coal, Energetska i emisijska svojstva briketa od stabljika berlej duhana i njihovih kombinacija sa drugom biomasom kao obećavajuća  zamjena za ugljen",
volume = "74",
number = "1",
pages = "61-68",
doi = "10.2478/aiht-2023-74-3630"
}

Malnar, M., Radojičić, V., Kulić, G., Dinić, Z.,& Cvetković, O.. (2023). Energy and emission properties of burley tobacco stalk briquettes and its combinations with other biomass as promising replacement for coal. in Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology
Walter de Gruyter GmbH., 74(1), 61-68.
https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2023-74-3630

Malnar M, Radojičić V, Kulić G, Dinić Z, Cvetković O. Energy and emission properties of burley tobacco stalk briquettes and its combinations with other biomass as promising replacement for coal. in Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. 2023;74(1):61-68.
doi:10.2478/aiht-2023-74-3630 .

Malnar, Maja, Radojičić, Vesna, Kulić, Gordana, Dinić, Zoran, Cvetković, Olga, "Energy and emission properties of burley tobacco stalk briquettes and its combinations with other biomass as promising replacement for coal" in Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, 74, no. 1 (2023):61-68,
https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2023-74-3630 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Radojičić, Vesna
AU  - Cvetković, Olga
PY  - 2004
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/159
AB  - The aim of this work was to examine the influence of growing conditions on heavy metal content in virginia (flue cured) and burley (air cured) tobacco type. Moreover, some of these metals could appear in the tobacco cigarette smoke. This fact may cause negative consequences for cigarette consumers. Examinations were carried out in five various production areas, for each tobacco type, during two years, 1998 and 1999; those were extreme years for production.	Considering the results, it can be concluded: The most important factor for heavy metal content in tobacco leaves are weather conditions especially the amount of rainfall, since there is a direct correlation between the rainfall and size of roots, a dominant vegetation organ. It is inevitable that the metals content in flue cured and air cured tobaccos grown at different experimental lots, is still below the legally prescribed values. Tobacco leaves from Šabac production area have a little higher metal content than tobacco grown in other production areas, because a larger amount of copper was found. The metal content in plants can increase because of its absorption from soil, atmosphere, or mineral fertilizers and pesticides, and, what is very important, the content of metals can be high due to the vicinity of large industrial centers.
AB  - Poznato je da su metali prisutni u biljkama u količinama koje zavise od vrste biljke, klime i drugih faktora. Cilj ovog rada je ispitivanje direktnih uslova gajenja na sadržaj teških metala u duvanima tipa virdžinija, sorta Heveši-9 i tipa berlej, sorta B-92. Neki od ovih metala mogu da pređu u duvanski dim cigarete, što može imati neželjene posledice za pušača. Ispitivanja su vršena u po 5 različitih proizvodnih područja Srbije, za svaki tip duvana, tokom dve godine, 1998. i 1999., koje su bile ekstremne za proizvodnju duvana. Sumirajući rezultate dvogodišnjih istraživanja možemo zaključiti sledeće: Upotreba NPK đubriva nije imala uticaja na sadržaj teških metala u duvanima. Od klimatskih faktora, na sadržaj teških metala u duvanu najveći značaj imaju padavine. Usled različite količine padavina dolazi do razlike u ekspanziji korena biljaka, pa su posledica toga različite količine mikroelemenata, koje se preko korena asimiluju. Duvani iz proizvodnog područja Šapca, sadrže bakar u koncentracijama nešto većim od dozvoljenih za duvan, kao i nešto više vrednosti sadržaja ostalih teških metala u odnosu na duvan gajen na drugim lokalitetima. Na ovu pojavu bi mogla da utiče blizina industrijske zone, kao i sastav zemljišta i primena zaštitnih sredstava.
PB  - Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd
T2  - Journal of Agricultural Sciences
T1  - Heavy metal content in flue cured and air cured tobaccos from main production areas in Serbia
T1  - Sadržaj teških metala u krupnolisnim duvanima gajenim u glavnim proizvodnim područjima Srbije
VL  - 49
IS  - 2
SP  - 159
EP  - 167
DO  - 10.2298/JAS0402159R
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Radojičić, Vesna and Cvetković, Olga",
year = "2004",
abstract = "The aim of this work was to examine the influence of growing conditions on heavy metal content in virginia (flue cured) and burley (air cured) tobacco type. Moreover, some of these metals could appear in the tobacco cigarette smoke. This fact may cause negative consequences for cigarette consumers. Examinations were carried out in five various production areas, for each tobacco type, during two years, 1998 and 1999; those were extreme years for production.	Considering the results, it can be concluded: The most important factor for heavy metal content in tobacco leaves are weather conditions especially the amount of rainfall, since there is a direct correlation between the rainfall and size of roots, a dominant vegetation organ. It is inevitable that the metals content in flue cured and air cured tobaccos grown at different experimental lots, is still below the legally prescribed values. Tobacco leaves from Šabac production area have a little higher metal content than tobacco grown in other production areas, because a larger amount of copper was found. The metal content in plants can increase because of its absorption from soil, atmosphere, or mineral fertilizers and pesticides, and, what is very important, the content of metals can be high due to the vicinity of large industrial centers., Poznato je da su metali prisutni u biljkama u količinama koje zavise od vrste biljke, klime i drugih faktora. Cilj ovog rada je ispitivanje direktnih uslova gajenja na sadržaj teških metala u duvanima tipa virdžinija, sorta Heveši-9 i tipa berlej, sorta B-92. Neki od ovih metala mogu da pređu u duvanski dim cigarete, što može imati neželjene posledice za pušača. Ispitivanja su vršena u po 5 različitih proizvodnih područja Srbije, za svaki tip duvana, tokom dve godine, 1998. i 1999., koje su bile ekstremne za proizvodnju duvana. Sumirajući rezultate dvogodišnjih istraživanja možemo zaključiti sledeće: Upotreba NPK đubriva nije imala uticaja na sadržaj teških metala u duvanima. Od klimatskih faktora, na sadržaj teških metala u duvanu najveći značaj imaju padavine. Usled različite količine padavina dolazi do razlike u ekspanziji korena biljaka, pa su posledica toga različite količine mikroelemenata, koje se preko korena asimiluju. Duvani iz proizvodnog područja Šapca, sadrže bakar u koncentracijama nešto većim od dozvoljenih za duvan, kao i nešto više vrednosti sadržaja ostalih teških metala u odnosu na duvan gajen na drugim lokalitetima. Na ovu pojavu bi mogla da utiče blizina industrijske zone, kao i sastav zemljišta i primena zaštitnih sredstava.",
publisher = "Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd",
journal = "Journal of Agricultural Sciences",
title = "Heavy metal content in flue cured and air cured tobaccos from main production areas in Serbia, Sadržaj teških metala u krupnolisnim duvanima gajenim u glavnim proizvodnim područjima Srbije",
volume = "49",
number = "2",
pages = "159-167",
doi = "10.2298/JAS0402159R"
}

Radojičić, V.,& Cvetković, O.. (2004). Heavy metal content in flue cured and air cured tobaccos from main production areas in Serbia. in Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd., 49(2), 159-167.
https://doi.org/10.2298/JAS0402159R

Radojičić V, Cvetković O. Heavy metal content in flue cured and air cured tobaccos from main production areas in Serbia. in Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 2004;49(2):159-167.
doi:10.2298/JAS0402159R .

Radojičić, Vesna, Cvetković, Olga, "Heavy metal content in flue cured and air cured tobaccos from main production areas in Serbia" in Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 49, no. 2 (2004):159-167,
https://doi.org/10.2298/JAS0402159R . .