TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anastasijević, Nikola A.
AU  - Dimitrijević, Z. M.
AU  - Adžić, Radoslav R.
PY  - 1992
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4733
AB  - Oxygen reduction has been studied in alkaline solution on a ruthenium electrode modified by thallium and lead adsorbates. A partially oxidized ruthenium electrode is inactive for oxygen reduction. Thallium and lead adsorbates cause pronounced changes on the ruthenium surface giving rise to a four electron-reduction of oxygen. Disc-ring electrode measurements show a predominant direct four electron-reduction, with a first charge-transfer rate determining step. Mass fractions of various reaction pathways have been calculated and the model explaining a direct four electron-reduction discussed. Once activated, ruthenium retains its activity even in the absence of thallium and lead ions in solution phase.
PB  - Elsevier
T2  - Electrochimica Acta
T1  - Oxygen reduction on a modified ruthenium electrode
VL  - 37
IS  - 3
SP  - 457
EP  - 464
DO  - 10.1016/0013-4686(92)87036-Y
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Anastasijević, Nikola A. and Dimitrijević, Z. M. and Adžić, Radoslav R.",
year = "1992",
abstract = "Oxygen reduction has been studied in alkaline solution on a ruthenium electrode modified by thallium and lead adsorbates. A partially oxidized ruthenium electrode is inactive for oxygen reduction. Thallium and lead adsorbates cause pronounced changes on the ruthenium surface giving rise to a four electron-reduction of oxygen. Disc-ring electrode measurements show a predominant direct four electron-reduction, with a first charge-transfer rate determining step. Mass fractions of various reaction pathways have been calculated and the model explaining a direct four electron-reduction discussed. Once activated, ruthenium retains its activity even in the absence of thallium and lead ions in solution phase.",
publisher = "Elsevier",
journal = "Electrochimica Acta",
title = "Oxygen reduction on a modified ruthenium electrode",
volume = "37",
number = "3",
pages = "457-464",
doi = "10.1016/0013-4686(92)87036-Y"
}

Anastasijević, N. A., Dimitrijević, Z. M.,& Adžić, R. R.. (1992). Oxygen reduction on a modified ruthenium electrode. in Electrochimica Acta
Elsevier., 37(3), 457-464.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(92)87036-Y

Anastasijević NA, Dimitrijević ZM, Adžić RR. Oxygen reduction on a modified ruthenium electrode. in Electrochimica Acta. 1992;37(3):457-464.
doi:10.1016/0013-4686(92)87036-Y .

Anastasijević, Nikola A., Dimitrijević, Z. M., Adžić, Radoslav R., "Oxygen reduction on a modified ruthenium electrode" in Electrochimica Acta, 37, no. 3 (1992):457-464,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(92)87036-Y . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anastasijević, Nikola A.
AU  - Dimitrijević, Z. M.
AU  - Adžić, Radoslav R.
PY  - 1986
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4200
AB  - The kinetics of oxygen reduction have been studied on a ruthenium electrode in alkaline solutions using the rotating disc and rotating disc-ring methods. The reaction kinetics and mechanism were found to depend on the oxidation state of the ruthenium surface. For a surface having up to two monolayers of oxide a "parallel" mechanism of O2 reduction has been found, which goes predominantly through a four-electron direct reduction to OH-. All the rate constants of the O2 and HO-2 reactions, including those of the adsorption equilibrium of HO-2 on the Ru surface, have been determined. No catalytic decomposition of HO-2 was found. Although the Tafel slope is higher than -120 mV/dec it appears that an initial electron exchange is the rate-determining step. The kinetics are slower on a Ru surface with a thicker oxide layer. The mechanism of the reaction is also different, showing a potential-dependent ratio of the rate constants for a direct and series reduction of O2 and a catalytic decomposition of HO-2.
PB  - Elsevier
T2  - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
T1  - Oxygen reduction on a ruthenium electrode in alkaline electrolytes
VL  - 199
IS  - 2
SP  - 351
EP  - 364
DO  - 10.1016/0022-0728(86)80009-2
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Anastasijević, Nikola A. and Dimitrijević, Z. M. and Adžić, Radoslav R.",
year = "1986",
abstract = "The kinetics of oxygen reduction have been studied on a ruthenium electrode in alkaline solutions using the rotating disc and rotating disc-ring methods. The reaction kinetics and mechanism were found to depend on the oxidation state of the ruthenium surface. For a surface having up to two monolayers of oxide a "parallel" mechanism of O2 reduction has been found, which goes predominantly through a four-electron direct reduction to OH-. All the rate constants of the O2 and HO-2 reactions, including those of the adsorption equilibrium of HO-2 on the Ru surface, have been determined. No catalytic decomposition of HO-2 was found. Although the Tafel slope is higher than -120 mV/dec it appears that an initial electron exchange is the rate-determining step. The kinetics are slower on a Ru surface with a thicker oxide layer. The mechanism of the reaction is also different, showing a potential-dependent ratio of the rate constants for a direct and series reduction of O2 and a catalytic decomposition of HO-2.",
publisher = "Elsevier",
journal = "Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry",
title = "Oxygen reduction on a ruthenium electrode in alkaline electrolytes",
volume = "199",
number = "2",
pages = "351-364",
doi = "10.1016/0022-0728(86)80009-2"
}

Anastasijević, N. A., Dimitrijević, Z. M.,& Adžić, R. R.. (1986). Oxygen reduction on a ruthenium electrode in alkaline electrolytes. in Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
Elsevier., 199(2), 351-364.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0728(86)80009-2

Anastasijević NA, Dimitrijević ZM, Adžić RR. Oxygen reduction on a ruthenium electrode in alkaline electrolytes. in Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry. 1986;199(2):351-364.
doi:10.1016/0022-0728(86)80009-2 .

Anastasijević, Nikola A., Dimitrijević, Z. M., Adžić, Radoslav R., "Oxygen reduction on a ruthenium electrode in alkaline electrolytes" in Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 199, no. 2 (1986):351-364,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0728(86)80009-2 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Anastasijević, Nikola A.
AU  - Dimitrijević, Z. M.
AU  - Adžić, Radoslav R.
PY  - 1986
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4177
AB  - The kinetics and mechanism of O2 reduction on an Ru electrode in acid electrolytes have been measured by using a disc—ring method. The reaction proceeds through a “parallel” mechanism with the exchange of approximately four electrons. It shows a pronounced dependence on the oxidation state of the Ru surface. A catalytic decomposition of H2O2 does not occur on the surface obtained at potentials E > 0.0 V. Tafel slopes, some rate constants and reaction orders for O2 and H2O2 reduction have been determined. Calculated rate constant for a direct reduction of O2 (k1) is higher than k2, the reduction with the H2O2 intermediate. The experimental value of k3, the H2O2 reduction, is lower than k1 and k2 at E > 0.05 V. The Tafel slope for O2 reduction with the value higher than 120 mV has been obtained.
PB  - Elsevier
T2  - Electrochimica Acta
T1  - Oxygen reduction on a ruthenium electrode in acid electrolytes
VL  - 39
IS  - 9
SP  - 1125
EP  - 1130
DO  - 10.1016/0013-4686(86)80124-4
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Anastasijević, Nikola A. and Dimitrijević, Z. M. and Adžić, Radoslav R.",
year = "1986",
abstract = "The kinetics and mechanism of O2 reduction on an Ru electrode in acid electrolytes have been measured by using a disc—ring method. The reaction proceeds through a “parallel” mechanism with the exchange of approximately four electrons. It shows a pronounced dependence on the oxidation state of the Ru surface. A catalytic decomposition of H2O2 does not occur on the surface obtained at potentials E > 0.0 V. Tafel slopes, some rate constants and reaction orders for O2 and H2O2 reduction have been determined. Calculated rate constant for a direct reduction of O2 (k1) is higher than k2, the reduction with the H2O2 intermediate. The experimental value of k3, the H2O2 reduction, is lower than k1 and k2 at E > 0.05 V. The Tafel slope for O2 reduction with the value higher than 120 mV has been obtained.",
publisher = "Elsevier",
journal = "Electrochimica Acta",
title = "Oxygen reduction on a ruthenium electrode in acid electrolytes",
volume = "39",
number = "9",
pages = "1125-1130",
doi = "10.1016/0013-4686(86)80124-4"
}

Anastasijević, N. A., Dimitrijević, Z. M.,& Adžić, R. R.. (1986). Oxygen reduction on a ruthenium electrode in acid electrolytes. in Electrochimica Acta
Elsevier., 39(9), 1125-1130.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(86)80124-4

Anastasijević NA, Dimitrijević ZM, Adžić RR. Oxygen reduction on a ruthenium electrode in acid electrolytes. in Electrochimica Acta. 1986;39(9):1125-1130.
doi:10.1016/0013-4686(86)80124-4 .

Anastasijević, Nikola A., Dimitrijević, Z. M., Adžić, Radoslav R., "Oxygen reduction on a ruthenium electrode in acid electrolytes" in Electrochimica Acta, 39, no. 9 (1986):1125-1130,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(86)80124-4 . .