TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gavrilović, Branka R.
AU  - Petrović, Tamara G.
AU  - Radovanović, Tijana B.
AU  - Despotović, Svetlana G.
AU  - Gavrić, Jelena P.
AU  - Krizmanić, Imre I.
AU  - Ćirić, Miloš
AU  - Prokić, Marko D.
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3675
AB  - Although the long-term exposure of aquatic organisms to cyanobacterial blooms is a regular occurrence in the environment, the prooxidant and neurotoxic effects of such conditions are still insufficiently investigated in situ. We examined the temporal dynamics of the biochemical parameters in the liver of Pelophylax kl. esculentus frogs that inhabit the northern (N) side of Lake Ludaš (Serbia) with microcystins (MCs) produced in a cyanobacterial bloom over three summer months. The obtained data were compared with data on frogs that live on the southern (S), MC-free side of the same lake. Our results showed that the MC-producing bloom induced oxidative damage to proteins and lipids, observed as a decrease in the concentration of protein -SH groups and increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the liver of N frogs in comparison to S frogs. Glutathione (GSH) played a key role in the transient defense against the MC-induced development of LPO. The low glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity detected in all groups of frogs from the N site was crucial for the observed prooxidant consequences. The bloom impaired cholinergic homeostasis as a result of a decrease in ChE activity. A delayed neurotoxic effect in relation to the prooxidant outcomes was observed. Our results also showed that even though the integrated biomarker response (IBR) of the antioxidant biomarkers increased during exposure, the individual biochemical parameters did not exhibit a well-defined time-dependent pattern because of specific adaptation dynamics and/or additional effects of the physicochemical parameters of the water. This comprehensive environmental ecotoxicological evaluation of the cyanobacterial bloom-induced biochemical alterations in the liver of frogs provides a new basis for further investigations of the prolonged, real-life ecotoxicity of the blooms.
PB  - Elsevier
T2  - Science of the Total Environment
T1  - Hepatic oxidative stress and neurotoxicity in Pelophylax kl. esculentus frogs: Influence of long-term exposure to a cyanobacterial bloom
VL  - 750
SP  - 141569
DO  - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141569
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Gavrilović, Branka R. and Petrović, Tamara G. and Radovanović, Tijana B. and Despotović, Svetlana G. and Gavrić, Jelena P. and Krizmanić, Imre I. and Ćirić, Miloš and Prokić, Marko D.",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Although the long-term exposure of aquatic organisms to cyanobacterial blooms is a regular occurrence in the environment, the prooxidant and neurotoxic effects of such conditions are still insufficiently investigated in situ. We examined the temporal dynamics of the biochemical parameters in the liver of Pelophylax kl. esculentus frogs that inhabit the northern (N) side of Lake Ludaš (Serbia) with microcystins (MCs) produced in a cyanobacterial bloom over three summer months. The obtained data were compared with data on frogs that live on the southern (S), MC-free side of the same lake. Our results showed that the MC-producing bloom induced oxidative damage to proteins and lipids, observed as a decrease in the concentration of protein -SH groups and increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the liver of N frogs in comparison to S frogs. Glutathione (GSH) played a key role in the transient defense against the MC-induced development of LPO. The low glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity detected in all groups of frogs from the N site was crucial for the observed prooxidant consequences. The bloom impaired cholinergic homeostasis as a result of a decrease in ChE activity. A delayed neurotoxic effect in relation to the prooxidant outcomes was observed. Our results also showed that even though the integrated biomarker response (IBR) of the antioxidant biomarkers increased during exposure, the individual biochemical parameters did not exhibit a well-defined time-dependent pattern because of specific adaptation dynamics and/or additional effects of the physicochemical parameters of the water. This comprehensive environmental ecotoxicological evaluation of the cyanobacterial bloom-induced biochemical alterations in the liver of frogs provides a new basis for further investigations of the prolonged, real-life ecotoxicity of the blooms.",
publisher = "Elsevier",
journal = "Science of the Total Environment",
title = "Hepatic oxidative stress and neurotoxicity in Pelophylax kl. esculentus frogs: Influence of long-term exposure to a cyanobacterial bloom",
volume = "750",
pages = "141569",
doi = "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141569"
}

Gavrilović, B. R., Petrović, T. G., Radovanović, T. B., Despotović, S. G., Gavrić, J. P., Krizmanić, I. I., Ćirić, M.,& Prokić, M. D.. (2021). Hepatic oxidative stress and neurotoxicity in Pelophylax kl. esculentus frogs: Influence of long-term exposure to a cyanobacterial bloom. in Science of the Total Environment
Elsevier., 750, 141569.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141569

Gavrilović BR, Petrović TG, Radovanović TB, Despotović SG, Gavrić JP, Krizmanić II, Ćirić M, Prokić MD. Hepatic oxidative stress and neurotoxicity in Pelophylax kl. esculentus frogs: Influence of long-term exposure to a cyanobacterial bloom. in Science of the Total Environment. 2021;750:141569.
doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141569 .

Gavrilović, Branka R., Petrović, Tamara G., Radovanović, Tijana B., Despotović, Svetlana G., Gavrić, Jelena P., Krizmanić, Imre I., Ćirić, Miloš, Prokić, Marko D., "Hepatic oxidative stress and neurotoxicity in Pelophylax kl. esculentus frogs: Influence of long-term exposure to a cyanobacterial bloom" in Science of the Total Environment, 750 (2021):141569,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141569 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gavrilović, Branka R.
AU  - Petrović, Tamara G.
AU  - Radovanović, Tijana B.
AU  - Despotović, Svetlana G.
AU  - Gavrić, Jelena P.
AU  - Krizmanić, Imre I.
AU  - Ćirić, Miloš
AU  - Prokić, Marko D.
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3677
AB  - Although the long-term exposure of aquatic organisms to cyanobacterial blooms is a regular occurrence in the environment, the prooxidant and neurotoxic effects of such conditions are still insufficiently investigated in situ. We examined the temporal dynamics of the biochemical parameters in the liver of Pelophylax kl. esculentus frogs that inhabit the northern (N) side of Lake Ludaš (Serbia) with microcystins (MCs) produced in a cyanobacterial bloom over three summer months. The obtained data were compared with data on frogs that live on the southern (S), MC-free side of the same lake. Our results showed that the MC-producing bloom induced oxidative damage to proteins and lipids, observed as a decrease in the concentration of protein -SH groups and increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the liver of N frogs in comparison to S frogs. Glutathione (GSH) played a key role in the transient defense against the MC-induced development of LPO. The low glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity detected in all groups of frogs from the N site was crucial for the observed prooxidant consequences. The bloom impaired cholinergic homeostasis as a result of a decrease in ChE activity. A delayed neurotoxic effect in relation to the prooxidant outcomes was observed. Our results also showed that even though the integrated biomarker response (IBR) of the antioxidant biomarkers increased during exposure, the individual biochemical parameters did not exhibit a well-defined time-dependent pattern because of specific adaptation dynamics and/or additional effects of the physicochemical parameters of the water. This comprehensive environmental ecotoxicological evaluation of the cyanobacterial bloom-induced biochemical alterations in the liver of frogs provides a new basis for further investigations of the prolonged, real-life ecotoxicity of the blooms.
PB  - Elsevier
T2  - Science of the Total Environment
T1  - Hepatic oxidative stress and neurotoxicity in Pelophylax kl. esculentus frogs: Influence of long-term exposure to a cyanobacterial bloom
VL  - 750
SP  - 141569
DO  - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141569
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Gavrilović, Branka R. and Petrović, Tamara G. and Radovanović, Tijana B. and Despotović, Svetlana G. and Gavrić, Jelena P. and Krizmanić, Imre I. and Ćirić, Miloš and Prokić, Marko D.",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Although the long-term exposure of aquatic organisms to cyanobacterial blooms is a regular occurrence in the environment, the prooxidant and neurotoxic effects of such conditions are still insufficiently investigated in situ. We examined the temporal dynamics of the biochemical parameters in the liver of Pelophylax kl. esculentus frogs that inhabit the northern (N) side of Lake Ludaš (Serbia) with microcystins (MCs) produced in a cyanobacterial bloom over three summer months. The obtained data were compared with data on frogs that live on the southern (S), MC-free side of the same lake. Our results showed that the MC-producing bloom induced oxidative damage to proteins and lipids, observed as a decrease in the concentration of protein -SH groups and increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the liver of N frogs in comparison to S frogs. Glutathione (GSH) played a key role in the transient defense against the MC-induced development of LPO. The low glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity detected in all groups of frogs from the N site was crucial for the observed prooxidant consequences. The bloom impaired cholinergic homeostasis as a result of a decrease in ChE activity. A delayed neurotoxic effect in relation to the prooxidant outcomes was observed. Our results also showed that even though the integrated biomarker response (IBR) of the antioxidant biomarkers increased during exposure, the individual biochemical parameters did not exhibit a well-defined time-dependent pattern because of specific adaptation dynamics and/or additional effects of the physicochemical parameters of the water. This comprehensive environmental ecotoxicological evaluation of the cyanobacterial bloom-induced biochemical alterations in the liver of frogs provides a new basis for further investigations of the prolonged, real-life ecotoxicity of the blooms.",
publisher = "Elsevier",
journal = "Science of the Total Environment",
title = "Hepatic oxidative stress and neurotoxicity in Pelophylax kl. esculentus frogs: Influence of long-term exposure to a cyanobacterial bloom",
volume = "750",
pages = "141569",
doi = "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141569"
}

Gavrilović, B. R., Petrović, T. G., Radovanović, T. B., Despotović, S. G., Gavrić, J. P., Krizmanić, I. I., Ćirić, M.,& Prokić, M. D.. (2021). Hepatic oxidative stress and neurotoxicity in Pelophylax kl. esculentus frogs: Influence of long-term exposure to a cyanobacterial bloom. in Science of the Total Environment
Elsevier., 750, 141569.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141569

Gavrilović BR, Petrović TG, Radovanović TB, Despotović SG, Gavrić JP, Krizmanić II, Ćirić M, Prokić MD. Hepatic oxidative stress and neurotoxicity in Pelophylax kl. esculentus frogs: Influence of long-term exposure to a cyanobacterial bloom. in Science of the Total Environment. 2021;750:141569.
doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141569 .

Gavrilović, Branka R., Petrović, Tamara G., Radovanović, Tijana B., Despotović, Svetlana G., Gavrić, Jelena P., Krizmanić, Imre I., Ćirić, Miloš, Prokić, Marko D., "Hepatic oxidative stress and neurotoxicity in Pelophylax kl. esculentus frogs: Influence of long-term exposure to a cyanobacterial bloom" in Science of the Total Environment, 750 (2021):141569,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141569 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gavrilović, Branka R.
AU  - Prokić, Marko D.
AU  - Petrović, Tamara G.
AU  - Despotović, Svetlana G.
AU  - Radovanović, Tijana B.
AU  - Krizmanić, Imre I.
AU  - Ćirić, Miloš
AU  - Gavrić, Jelena P.
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3343
AB  - There is little information in scientific literature as to how conditions created by a microcystin (MC) producing cyanobacterial bloom affect the oxidant/antioxidant, biotransformation and neurotoxicity parameters in adult frogs in situ. We investigated biochemical parameters in the skin and muscle of Pelophylax kl. esculentus from Lake Ludaš (Serbia) by comparing frogs that live on the northern bloom side (BS) of the lake with those that inhabit the southern no-bloom side (NBS). A higher protein carbonylation level and lower antioxidant defense system capability in the skin of frogs living in conditions of the cyanobacterial bloom were observed. Inhibition of glutathione-dependent machinery was the major mechanism responsible for the induction of cyanobacterial bloom-mediated oxidative stress in frog skin. On the other hand, the detected higher ability of muscle to overcome bloom prooxidant toxicity was linked to a higher efficiency of the biotransformation system through glutathione-S-transferase activity and/or was the consequence of indirect exposure of the tissue to the bloom. Our results have also revealed that the cyanobacterial bloom conditions induced the cholinergic neurotransmitter system in both tissues. This study provides a better understanding of the ecotoxicological impact of the MC producing cyanobacterial bloom on frogs in situ. However, further investigations of the complex mechanism involved in cyanobacterial bloom toxicity in real environmental conditions are required.
PB  - Elsevier
T2  - Aquatic Toxicology
T1  - Biochemical parameters in skin and muscle of Pelophylax kl. esculentus frogs: Influence of a cyanobacterial bloom in situ
VL  - 220
SP  - 105399
DO  - 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105399
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Gavrilović, Branka R. and Prokić, Marko D. and Petrović, Tamara G. and Despotović, Svetlana G. and Radovanović, Tijana B. and Krizmanić, Imre I. and Ćirić, Miloš and Gavrić, Jelena P.",
year = "2020",
abstract = "There is little information in scientific literature as to how conditions created by a microcystin (MC) producing cyanobacterial bloom affect the oxidant/antioxidant, biotransformation and neurotoxicity parameters in adult frogs in situ. We investigated biochemical parameters in the skin and muscle of Pelophylax kl. esculentus from Lake Ludaš (Serbia) by comparing frogs that live on the northern bloom side (BS) of the lake with those that inhabit the southern no-bloom side (NBS). A higher protein carbonylation level and lower antioxidant defense system capability in the skin of frogs living in conditions of the cyanobacterial bloom were observed. Inhibition of glutathione-dependent machinery was the major mechanism responsible for the induction of cyanobacterial bloom-mediated oxidative stress in frog skin. On the other hand, the detected higher ability of muscle to overcome bloom prooxidant toxicity was linked to a higher efficiency of the biotransformation system through glutathione-S-transferase activity and/or was the consequence of indirect exposure of the tissue to the bloom. Our results have also revealed that the cyanobacterial bloom conditions induced the cholinergic neurotransmitter system in both tissues. This study provides a better understanding of the ecotoxicological impact of the MC producing cyanobacterial bloom on frogs in situ. However, further investigations of the complex mechanism involved in cyanobacterial bloom toxicity in real environmental conditions are required.",
publisher = "Elsevier",
journal = "Aquatic Toxicology",
title = "Biochemical parameters in skin and muscle of Pelophylax kl. esculentus frogs: Influence of a cyanobacterial bloom in situ",
volume = "220",
pages = "105399",
doi = "10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105399"
}

Gavrilović, B. R., Prokić, M. D., Petrović, T. G., Despotović, S. G., Radovanović, T. B., Krizmanić, I. I., Ćirić, M.,& Gavrić, J. P.. (2020). Biochemical parameters in skin and muscle of Pelophylax kl. esculentus frogs: Influence of a cyanobacterial bloom in situ. in Aquatic Toxicology
Elsevier., 220, 105399.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105399

Gavrilović BR, Prokić MD, Petrović TG, Despotović SG, Radovanović TB, Krizmanić II, Ćirić M, Gavrić JP. Biochemical parameters in skin and muscle of Pelophylax kl. esculentus frogs: Influence of a cyanobacterial bloom in situ. in Aquatic Toxicology. 2020;220:105399.
doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105399 .

Gavrilović, Branka R., Prokić, Marko D., Petrović, Tamara G., Despotović, Svetlana G., Radovanović, Tijana B., Krizmanić, Imre I., Ćirić, Miloš, Gavrić, Jelena P., "Biochemical parameters in skin and muscle of Pelophylax kl. esculentus frogs: Influence of a cyanobacterial bloom in situ" in Aquatic Toxicology, 220 (2020):105399,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105399 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Breka, Katarina
AU  - Stupar, Miloš
AU  - Vidaković, Danijela
AU  - Ljaljević Grbić, Milica
AU  - Krizmanić, Jelena
AU  - Krizmanić, Imre
AU  - Stamenković, Srđan
PY  - 2019
UR  - http://seh-congress-2019.unipv.it/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/SEHXX-abstract-book-3.pdf
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4621
AB  - Amphibian populations have been declining throughout the world in the last several decades. Although
numerous factors, including habitat destruction, pollution, introduced species, and global environmental changes
contribute the most to amphibian population decline, yet many amphibians are dying of infectious diseases.
Recent studies of amphibian skin infections were mainly focused on the presence of chytridiomycosis
neglecting other members of the frogs’ skin communities. Samples for mycological and algological analyses
were collected from 100 individuals belonging to Pelophylax esculenta complex on three localities in South
Banat, Serbia using non-aggressive, rapid and inexpensive “adhesive tape” method for microbial biofilm
observation.
In analysed samples variety of fungal reproductive structures, and in few samples spore germination,
and mycelia formation were detected. Sporulation of some typical soil-borne fungi and the causative agent of
amphibian chromomycosis as well as human phaeohyphomycosis, Fonseceae sp. was detected along with water
mold, Aphanomyces sp. the pathogen responsible for amphibian egg mortality and saprolegniasis of mostly
salamanders and tadpoles. For both pathogens, these were the first reports for green frogs in Serbia. Microscopy
analysis showed the presence of aeroaquatic hyphomycetes (eg. Canalisporium sp.). Besides mycobiota, the
frog's skin has proved to be a good medium for the survival of diatoms (detected in high diversity and
abundance), Cyanobacteria and Chlorophyta.
Adhesive tape method proved itself useful as a consequential diagnostic tool for preliminary
observation of the microbial community on the skin of amphibians including potential pathogens and symbionts.
It provides minimal stress to the studied animal and can be easily applicable in various conditions of field
research.
PB  - Societas Europaea herpetologica (SEH)
C3  - Program and abstracts - XX European Congress of Herpetology
T1  - Microbial community of green frog’s skin
SP  - 239
EP  - 239
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_4621
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Breka, Katarina and Stupar, Miloš and Vidaković, Danijela and Ljaljević Grbić, Milica and Krizmanić, Jelena and Krizmanić, Imre and Stamenković, Srđan",
year = "2019",
abstract = "Amphibian populations have been declining throughout the world in the last several decades. Although
numerous factors, including habitat destruction, pollution, introduced species, and global environmental changes
contribute the most to amphibian population decline, yet many amphibians are dying of infectious diseases.
Recent studies of amphibian skin infections were mainly focused on the presence of chytridiomycosis
neglecting other members of the frogs’ skin communities. Samples for mycological and algological analyses
were collected from 100 individuals belonging to Pelophylax esculenta complex on three localities in South
Banat, Serbia using non-aggressive, rapid and inexpensive “adhesive tape” method for microbial biofilm
observation.
In analysed samples variety of fungal reproductive structures, and in few samples spore germination,
and mycelia formation were detected. Sporulation of some typical soil-borne fungi and the causative agent of
amphibian chromomycosis as well as human phaeohyphomycosis, Fonseceae sp. was detected along with water
mold, Aphanomyces sp. the pathogen responsible for amphibian egg mortality and saprolegniasis of mostly
salamanders and tadpoles. For both pathogens, these were the first reports for green frogs in Serbia. Microscopy
analysis showed the presence of aeroaquatic hyphomycetes (eg. Canalisporium sp.). Besides mycobiota, the
frog's skin has proved to be a good medium for the survival of diatoms (detected in high diversity and
abundance), Cyanobacteria and Chlorophyta.
Adhesive tape method proved itself useful as a consequential diagnostic tool for preliminary
observation of the microbial community on the skin of amphibians including potential pathogens and symbionts.
It provides minimal stress to the studied animal and can be easily applicable in various conditions of field
research.",
publisher = "Societas Europaea herpetologica (SEH)",
journal = "Program and abstracts - XX European Congress of Herpetology",
title = "Microbial community of green frog’s skin",
pages = "239-239",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_4621"
}

Breka, K., Stupar, M., Vidaković, D., Ljaljević Grbić, M., Krizmanić, J., Krizmanić, I.,& Stamenković, S.. (2019). Microbial community of green frog’s skin. in Program and abstracts - XX European Congress of Herpetology
Societas Europaea herpetologica (SEH)., 239-239.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_4621

Breka K, Stupar M, Vidaković D, Ljaljević Grbić M, Krizmanić J, Krizmanić I, Stamenković S. Microbial community of green frog’s skin. in Program and abstracts - XX European Congress of Herpetology. 2019;:239-239.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_4621 .

Breka, Katarina, Stupar, Miloš, Vidaković, Danijela, Ljaljević Grbić, Milica, Krizmanić, Jelena, Krizmanić, Imre, Stamenković, Srđan, "Microbial community of green frog’s skin" in Program and abstracts - XX European Congress of Herpetology (2019):239-239,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_4621 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Krizmanić, Jelena
AU  - Stupar, Miloš
AU  - Ljaljević Grbić, Milica
AU  - Dimitrijević, Jelica
AU  - Vidaković, Danijela
AU  - Stamenković, Srđan
AU  - Krizmanić, Imre
AU  - Breka, Katarina
PY  - 2019
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4622
AB  - Cutaneous microbiota of amphibians is considered
to be an indicator of the health status of examined
individuals, as well as of environmental factors. In
that sense the skin of the captured individuals
belonging to Pelophylax esculenta complex on the
locality Stevanove ravnice within the Special Nature
Reserve “Deliblato Sand” (Serbia) was screened for
the presence of biofilm-forming cyanobacteria,
algae and fungi dwelling directly on frogs’ stratum
corneum. Biofilm was sampled using non-aggressive
“adhesive tape method” and their constituents were
analyzed and characterized microscopically (Carl
Zeiss AxioImager.M1 with AxioVision 4.9 software).
We detected high diversity and abundance
of diatom taxa overall, particularly belonging to
genera Navicula, Gomphonema, Geissleria,
Placoneis and Nitzschia. Cyanobacteria were less
present and with low abundance. Among them
chroococcal genera Gloeocapsopsis, Pseudocapsa
and Aphanocapsa were recorded. Outside of diatoms
and cyanobacteria, genus Chlorella was the
only present photoautotrophic biofilm constituent.
We consider highly mucous green frogs skin as
a favorable environment for the survival of diatoms
and cyanobacteria. Light microscopy analyses of
biofilm fragments revealed the presence of variety
of fungal structures. Documented coenocytic mycelium
with zoosporangium, originated presumably
from oomycetes, as well as septate melanized
hyphae of dematiaceous fungi, suggested colonization
of frog skin from both types of environments
present, water and surrounding vegetation.
A variety of fungal spores (fragmospores, amerospores,
dictyospores, didymospores), and in few
cases spore germination were recorded on frog
skin. Detected biofilm composition was not determinate
by species and gender-specific.
PB  - Taylor & Francis
C3  - European Journal of Phycology (Posters)
T1  - Green frogs skin harbours microbiota treasure
VL  - 54
IS  - sup1
SP  - 156
EP  - 156
DO  - 10.1080/09670262.2019.1626628
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Krizmanić, Jelena and Stupar, Miloš and Ljaljević Grbić, Milica and Dimitrijević, Jelica and Vidaković, Danijela and Stamenković, Srđan and Krizmanić, Imre and Breka, Katarina",
year = "2019",
abstract = "Cutaneous microbiota of amphibians is considered
to be an indicator of the health status of examined
individuals, as well as of environmental factors. In
that sense the skin of the captured individuals
belonging to Pelophylax esculenta complex on the
locality Stevanove ravnice within the Special Nature
Reserve “Deliblato Sand” (Serbia) was screened for
the presence of biofilm-forming cyanobacteria,
algae and fungi dwelling directly on frogs’ stratum
corneum. Biofilm was sampled using non-aggressive
“adhesive tape method” and their constituents were
analyzed and characterized microscopically (Carl
Zeiss AxioImager.M1 with AxioVision 4.9 software).
We detected high diversity and abundance
of diatom taxa overall, particularly belonging to
genera Navicula, Gomphonema, Geissleria,
Placoneis and Nitzschia. Cyanobacteria were less
present and with low abundance. Among them
chroococcal genera Gloeocapsopsis, Pseudocapsa
and Aphanocapsa were recorded. Outside of diatoms
and cyanobacteria, genus Chlorella was the
only present photoautotrophic biofilm constituent.
We consider highly mucous green frogs skin as
a favorable environment for the survival of diatoms
and cyanobacteria. Light microscopy analyses of
biofilm fragments revealed the presence of variety
of fungal structures. Documented coenocytic mycelium
with zoosporangium, originated presumably
from oomycetes, as well as septate melanized
hyphae of dematiaceous fungi, suggested colonization
of frog skin from both types of environments
present, water and surrounding vegetation.
A variety of fungal spores (fragmospores, amerospores,
dictyospores, didymospores), and in few
cases spore germination were recorded on frog
skin. Detected biofilm composition was not determinate
by species and gender-specific.",
publisher = "Taylor & Francis",
journal = "European Journal of Phycology (Posters)",
title = "Green frogs skin harbours microbiota treasure",
volume = "54",
number = "sup1",
pages = "156-156",
doi = "10.1080/09670262.2019.1626628"
}

Krizmanić, J., Stupar, M., Ljaljević Grbić, M., Dimitrijević, J., Vidaković, D., Stamenković, S., Krizmanić, I.,& Breka, K.. (2019). Green frogs skin harbours microbiota treasure. in European Journal of Phycology (Posters)
Taylor & Francis., 54(sup1), 156-156.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09670262.2019.1626628

Krizmanić J, Stupar M, Ljaljević Grbić M, Dimitrijević J, Vidaković D, Stamenković S, Krizmanić I, Breka K. Green frogs skin harbours microbiota treasure. in European Journal of Phycology (Posters). 2019;54(sup1):156-156.
doi:10.1080/09670262.2019.1626628 .

Krizmanić, Jelena, Stupar, Miloš, Ljaljević Grbić, Milica, Dimitrijević, Jelica, Vidaković, Danijela, Stamenković, Srđan, Krizmanić, Imre, Breka, Katarina, "Green frogs skin harbours microbiota treasure" in European Journal of Phycology (Posters), 54, no. sup1 (2019):156-156,
https://doi.org/10.1080/09670262.2019.1626628 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Vidaković, Danijela
AU  - Dimitrijević, Jelica
AU  - Krizmanić, Imre
AU  - Krizmanić, Jelena
PY  - 2018
UR  - http://botanicaserbica.bio.bg.ac.rs/arhiva/pdf/2018_42_2_1_full.pdf
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4649
AB  - Epibiotic diatoms inhabiting the carapace of European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis Linnaeus, 1758) are examined between May and July 2017 from three locations in Vojvodina (Serbia): Special nature reserve „Deliblatska Peščara“, Natural monument „Ivankovačka ada“ and Special nature reserve „Gornje podunavlje“. Our objective was to compare the diatom flora on a single turtle species across part of its range. Diatoms were removed by brushing from the carapaces, preserved in 4% formalin and identified under Carl Zeiss AxioImager.M1 microscope after preparing permanent slides with Naphrax medium. The diverse diatom assemblages were recorded. A total of 116 diatom taxa from 32 genera were found on the carapace of European pond turtle. The highest diversity in epibiotic diatom community was recorded at SNP „Deliblatska Peščara“ and NM „Ivankovačka ada“ (85 and 81 taxa, respectively). Only 6 diatom taxa (Nitzschia denticula, N. fonticola, Fragilaria ulna, Cymbella parva, C. perparva and Cyclotella sp.) were found on all three localities. Of these species, Cymbella perparva i Nitzschia denticula were occurred on the greatest number of turtles. In contrast, 67 diatom taxa occurred only on a single locality. Diatom richness and abundance were variable both among and within localities. The most numerous were erect (Cymbella spp., Gomphonema spp.) and motile (Nitzschia spp., Navicula spp.) forms.
PB  - Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden 'Jevremovac'
C3  - Botanica Serbica
T1  - Diatoms on the carapace of European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis L.) in Vojvodina
VL  - 48
IS  - sup 1
SP  - 204
EP  - 204
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_4649
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Vidaković, Danijela and Dimitrijević, Jelica and Krizmanić, Imre and Krizmanić, Jelena",
year = "2018",
abstract = "Epibiotic diatoms inhabiting the carapace of European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis Linnaeus, 1758) are examined between May and July 2017 from three locations in Vojvodina (Serbia): Special nature reserve „Deliblatska Peščara“, Natural monument „Ivankovačka ada“ and Special nature reserve „Gornje podunavlje“. Our objective was to compare the diatom flora on a single turtle species across part of its range. Diatoms were removed by brushing from the carapaces, preserved in 4% formalin and identified under Carl Zeiss AxioImager.M1 microscope after preparing permanent slides with Naphrax medium. The diverse diatom assemblages were recorded. A total of 116 diatom taxa from 32 genera were found on the carapace of European pond turtle. The highest diversity in epibiotic diatom community was recorded at SNP „Deliblatska Peščara“ and NM „Ivankovačka ada“ (85 and 81 taxa, respectively). Only 6 diatom taxa (Nitzschia denticula, N. fonticola, Fragilaria ulna, Cymbella parva, C. perparva and Cyclotella sp.) were found on all three localities. Of these species, Cymbella perparva i Nitzschia denticula were occurred on the greatest number of turtles. In contrast, 67 diatom taxa occurred only on a single locality. Diatom richness and abundance were variable both among and within localities. The most numerous were erect (Cymbella spp., Gomphonema spp.) and motile (Nitzschia spp., Navicula spp.) forms.",
publisher = "Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden 'Jevremovac'",
journal = "Botanica Serbica",
title = "Diatoms on the carapace of European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis L.) in Vojvodina",
volume = "48",
number = "sup 1",
pages = "204-204",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_4649"
}

Vidaković, D., Dimitrijević, J., Krizmanić, I.,& Krizmanić, J.. (2018). Diatoms on the carapace of European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis L.) in Vojvodina. in Botanica Serbica
Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden 'Jevremovac'., 48(sup 1), 204-204.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_4649

Vidaković D, Dimitrijević J, Krizmanić I, Krizmanić J. Diatoms on the carapace of European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis L.) in Vojvodina. in Botanica Serbica. 2018;48(sup 1):204-204.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_4649 .

Vidaković, Danijela, Dimitrijević, Jelica, Krizmanić, Imre, Krizmanić, Jelena, "Diatoms on the carapace of European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis L.) in Vojvodina" in Botanica Serbica, 48, no. sup 1 (2018):204-204,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_4649 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Krizmanić, Jelena
AU  - Vidaković, Danijela
AU  - Stupar, Miloš
AU  - Ljaljević Grbić, Milica
AU  - Krizmanić, Imre
AU  - Stamenković, Srđan
AU  - Breka, Katarina
PY  - 2017
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4646
AB  - It is known that diatoms may be present on the skin of various animals (whales, dolphins, manatees, turtles…) (Frankovich et al. 2015, Wetzel et al. 2012). In our study diatoms were collected from the skin of two green frogs’ species: Pelophylax esculentus and P. ridibundus. Studied frogs were captured from the Special Nature Reserve “Deliblatska Pescara” at the locality Stevanove ravnice (Vojvodina province, Serbia). Two sampling methods were performed: (1) nonaggressive adhesive tape method (Urzì and de Leo 2001) and (2) scraping by toothbrush. In laboratory conditions, samples taken by the first method were stained with a drop of Lactophenol Cotton Blue and put on slides to be analyzed. Samples taken by the second method were treated by hot HCl and KMnO4 (Taylor et al. 2005) in order to obtain permanent slides. Light microscope observations and micrographs were made by Zeiss AxioImagerM.1 microscope with DIC optics (x1000 and x1600 magnification) and AxioVision 4.8 software.

The present study describes diversity of diatoms from the green frog skin. According to literature data no studies have been published on diatoms living on the frog skin.

Analysis of adhesive tape samples confirmed the presence of live diatom cells on the frog skin. Among them the most abundant were taxa from the genera Cocconeis, Epithemia, Gomphonema, Navicula and Rhopalodia. Presence of c. 30 diatom genera, such as Amphora, Craticula, Cymbella, Cymbopleura, Cymatopleura, Diploneis, Encyonema, Epithemia, Fallacia, Gomphonema, Luticola, Navicula, Neidium, Nitzschia, Pinnularia, Planothidium, Rhopalodia, Staurosira, Surirella, etc., was observed on permanent slides. The most dominant taxa were: Geissleria decussis sensu lato, Placoneis sp., Lemnicola hungarica, Cocconeis placentula var. lineate and Sellaphora bacillum.

We consider that the great diversity and abundance of diatoms is consequence of their transfer from the environment (mud and macrophytes from eutrophic ponds) onto mucous frog skin. Highly mucous skin is an excellent environment which enables primary conditions for the survival of diatoms. Future research, especially under laboratory conditions, could show whether the frog skin is permanent or temporary diatom habitat.
PB  - Prague : Charles University in Prague
C3  - Programme and abstract book - 11th Central European Diatom Meeting
T1  - Diatoms on the green frogs skin (Pelophylax esculentus and P. ridibundus)
SP  - 114
EP  - 114
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_4646
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Krizmanić, Jelena and Vidaković, Danijela and Stupar, Miloš and Ljaljević Grbić, Milica and Krizmanić, Imre and Stamenković, Srđan and Breka, Katarina",
year = "2017",
abstract = "It is known that diatoms may be present on the skin of various animals (whales, dolphins, manatees, turtles…) (Frankovich et al. 2015, Wetzel et al. 2012). In our study diatoms were collected from the skin of two green frogs’ species: Pelophylax esculentus and P. ridibundus. Studied frogs were captured from the Special Nature Reserve “Deliblatska Pescara” at the locality Stevanove ravnice (Vojvodina province, Serbia). Two sampling methods were performed: (1) nonaggressive adhesive tape method (Urzì and de Leo 2001) and (2) scraping by toothbrush. In laboratory conditions, samples taken by the first method were stained with a drop of Lactophenol Cotton Blue and put on slides to be analyzed. Samples taken by the second method were treated by hot HCl and KMnO4 (Taylor et al. 2005) in order to obtain permanent slides. Light microscope observations and micrographs were made by Zeiss AxioImagerM.1 microscope with DIC optics (x1000 and x1600 magnification) and AxioVision 4.8 software.

The present study describes diversity of diatoms from the green frog skin. According to literature data no studies have been published on diatoms living on the frog skin.

Analysis of adhesive tape samples confirmed the presence of live diatom cells on the frog skin. Among them the most abundant were taxa from the genera Cocconeis, Epithemia, Gomphonema, Navicula and Rhopalodia. Presence of c. 30 diatom genera, such as Amphora, Craticula, Cymbella, Cymbopleura, Cymatopleura, Diploneis, Encyonema, Epithemia, Fallacia, Gomphonema, Luticola, Navicula, Neidium, Nitzschia, Pinnularia, Planothidium, Rhopalodia, Staurosira, Surirella, etc., was observed on permanent slides. The most dominant taxa were: Geissleria decussis sensu lato, Placoneis sp., Lemnicola hungarica, Cocconeis placentula var. lineate and Sellaphora bacillum.

We consider that the great diversity and abundance of diatoms is consequence of their transfer from the environment (mud and macrophytes from eutrophic ponds) onto mucous frog skin. Highly mucous skin is an excellent environment which enables primary conditions for the survival of diatoms. Future research, especially under laboratory conditions, could show whether the frog skin is permanent or temporary diatom habitat.",
publisher = "Prague : Charles University in Prague",
journal = "Programme and abstract book - 11th Central European Diatom Meeting",
title = "Diatoms on the green frogs skin (Pelophylax esculentus and P. ridibundus)",
pages = "114-114",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_4646"
}

Krizmanić, J., Vidaković, D., Stupar, M., Ljaljević Grbić, M., Krizmanić, I., Stamenković, S.,& Breka, K.. (2017). Diatoms on the green frogs skin (Pelophylax esculentus and P. ridibundus). in Programme and abstract book - 11th Central European Diatom Meeting
Prague : Charles University in Prague., 114-114.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_4646

Krizmanić J, Vidaković D, Stupar M, Ljaljević Grbić M, Krizmanić I, Stamenković S, Breka K. Diatoms on the green frogs skin (Pelophylax esculentus and P. ridibundus). in Programme and abstract book - 11th Central European Diatom Meeting. 2017;:114-114.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_4646 .

Krizmanić, Jelena, Vidaković, Danijela, Stupar, Miloš, Ljaljević Grbić, Milica, Krizmanić, Imre, Stamenković, Srđan, Breka, Katarina, "Diatoms on the green frogs skin (Pelophylax esculentus and P. ridibundus)" in Programme and abstract book - 11th Central European Diatom Meeting (2017):114-114,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_4646 .