TY  - JOUR
AU  - Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav
AU  - Peco, Josip
AU  - Sakan, Sanja
AU  - Đorđević, Dragana
AU  - Inđić, Dejan
PY  - 2023
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/7388
AB  - This study was performed to derive the first insight into the distribution of low-field volume magnetic susceptibility (MS) throughout Zagreb city, based on in situ field measurements. The most interesting locations were selected for soil sampling and their geochemical contents were determined using ICP-OES. A geostatistical approach was applied to the MS and geochemical results. A median of 0.245 × 10−3 SI units was proposed as the average MS value in Zagreb. The mean concentrations of heavy metals in Zagreb’s soils (in µg/g) are Pb (36.82), Zn (87.77), Cu (30.84), Cd (0.66), Cr (29.04), Co (11.89), and Ni (28.40), and these measurements are relatively low in comparison to the Croatian legislation and the European and world average. Boxplot analyses demonstrate that 45% of the studied elements do not feature any anomalies, while most of the remaining elements indicate only one weak anomaly located at the same site as the MS anomalies. Our statistical analysis found significant correlations between MS and the following elements: Cd, Co, Fe, Mn, Na, Pb, Sb, and Zn. In situ MS measurements proved to be an efficient tool for the initial screening of large areas with elevated concentrations of heavy elements, enabling the cheap and fast assessment of the state of the environment.
PB  - MDPI
T2  - Minerals
T1  - Magnetic and Geochemical Properties of Zagreb City Area Soils
VL  - 13
IS  - 12
SP  - 1481
DO  - 10.3390/min13121481
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav and Peco, Josip and Sakan, Sanja and Đorđević, Dragana and Inđić, Dejan",
year = "2023",
abstract = "This study was performed to derive the first insight into the distribution of low-field volume magnetic susceptibility (MS) throughout Zagreb city, based on in situ field measurements. The most interesting locations were selected for soil sampling and their geochemical contents were determined using ICP-OES. A geostatistical approach was applied to the MS and geochemical results. A median of 0.245 × 10−3 SI units was proposed as the average MS value in Zagreb. The mean concentrations of heavy metals in Zagreb’s soils (in µg/g) are Pb (36.82), Zn (87.77), Cu (30.84), Cd (0.66), Cr (29.04), Co (11.89), and Ni (28.40), and these measurements are relatively low in comparison to the Croatian legislation and the European and world average. Boxplot analyses demonstrate that 45% of the studied elements do not feature any anomalies, while most of the remaining elements indicate only one weak anomaly located at the same site as the MS anomalies. Our statistical analysis found significant correlations between MS and the following elements: Cd, Co, Fe, Mn, Na, Pb, Sb, and Zn. In situ MS measurements proved to be an efficient tool for the initial screening of large areas with elevated concentrations of heavy elements, enabling the cheap and fast assessment of the state of the environment.",
publisher = "MDPI",
journal = "Minerals",
title = "Magnetic and Geochemical Properties of Zagreb City Area Soils",
volume = "13",
number = "12",
pages = "1481",
doi = "10.3390/min13121481"
}

Frančišković-Bilinski, S., Peco, J., Sakan, S., Đorđević, D.,& Inđić, D.. (2023). Magnetic and Geochemical Properties of Zagreb City Area Soils. in Minerals
MDPI., 13(12), 1481.
https://doi.org/10.3390/min13121481

Frančišković-Bilinski S, Peco J, Sakan S, Đorđević D, Inđić D. Magnetic and Geochemical Properties of Zagreb City Area Soils. in Minerals. 2023;13(12):1481.
doi:10.3390/min13121481 .

Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav, Peco, Josip, Sakan, Sanja, Đorđević, Dragana, Inđić, Dejan, "Magnetic and Geochemical Properties of Zagreb City Area Soils" in Minerals, 13, no. 12 (2023):1481,
https://doi.org/10.3390/min13121481 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Sakan, Sanja
AU  - Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav
AU  - Đorđević, Dragana
AU  - Popović, Aleksandar
AU  - Mihajlidi-Zelić, Aleksandra
AU  - Škrivanj, Sandra
AU  - Bilinski, Halka
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://castle2020.irb.hr/Program-and-Book-of-Abstracts
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6851
AB  - The relationships between magnetic susceptibility (MS) and elemental variations have been the focus of considerable study in the fields of environmental assessment. The aim of this study was to apply a rapid and inexpensive, low-field magnetic susceptibility method to stream sediments from Vlasina (Serbia) and Kupa (Croatia) river basins, and discuss the relationships between MS and content of 26 studied elements using statistical approaches. 
In this research, magnetic susceptibility was measured using SM30, a small magnetic susceptibility meter with a very high sensitivity of 1 × 10-7
SI. Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy was used to determine the concentration of the studied elements, after sequential 
extraction procedure (Sakan et al., 2016). Total concentrations of each element were determined as the sum of concentrations determined in each fraction.
The Kupa River basin, occupies the west-central part of Croatia and is shared by two neighboring countries (Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina). The Kupa itself is a tributary to the Sava River and meets the latter at Sisak after traversing a distance of 294 km. The river basin is one of the most significant water resources in Croatia (Frančišković-Bilinski et al., 2012). 
Vlasina River Basin covers an area of 1061.72 km² and covers the south eastern part of Serbia. The total length of Vlasina River is 65.9 km. The largest part of the geological base of the Vlasina River Basin belongs to the Serbo-Macedonian mass, formed in the Palaeozoic (Carbon-Perm) (Durlević et al., 2019).
Correlation analysis was performed to reveal statistical correlations between MS and 26 elements analyzed by ICP-OES in Kupa sediment samples. Ten of them showed negative correlation (As, B, Ba, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Na, P, S), while other elements showed positive. Chromium showed excellent correlation with MS (0.91) and is element with the highest correlation to MS, what could  indicate its anthropogenic origin. Element with strongest correlation to MS after Cr is vanadium (0.62), followed by Mn (0.52), Al (0.52) and Cd (0.50). All other elements have rather weak correlation with MS, among which highest are those of Sr (0.45), Zn (0.35), Be (0.28), Co (0.27), Pb (0.27) and Ti (0.26). 
Measured MS values in Vlasina samples are mostly very low, with several locations where values are a bit higher; they range from 0.02 x 10-3
to 1.113 x 10-3 SI units. The strongest correlation was observed with Mo (0.43), then with Ag (0.29). Correlations > 0.10 are determined between MS and following elements: Zn (0.17); Cu (0.12); Pb (0.17); Ba (0.13); Mn (0.10); Ti (0.20); V (0.21); In (0.16); Sn (0.16); Tm (0.10); Lu (0.12); Hg (0.16); Bi (0.13); Th (0.15) and U (0.24). Correlation analysis between MS and measured chemical elements has shown that strong correlations do not exist. 
From that it could be concluded that in Vlasina samples there is no significant anthropogenic influence.
PB  - Zagreb : Ruđer Bošković Institute
C3  - 17th “Castle Meeting” on Palaeo, Rock and Environmental Magnetism - Book of Abstracts, August 28-September 3, 2022, Castle Trakošćan, Croatia
T1  - Magnetic properties as indicators of toxic elements pollution  in surface sediments of the Vlasina River (Serbia) and Kupa River (Croatia)
SP  - 108
EP  - 109
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_6851
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Sakan, Sanja and Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav and Đorđević, Dragana and Popović, Aleksandar and Mihajlidi-Zelić, Aleksandra and Škrivanj, Sandra and Bilinski, Halka",
year = "2022",
abstract = "The relationships between magnetic susceptibility (MS) and elemental variations have been the focus of considerable study in the fields of environmental assessment. The aim of this study was to apply a rapid and inexpensive, low-field magnetic susceptibility method to stream sediments from Vlasina (Serbia) and Kupa (Croatia) river basins, and discuss the relationships between MS and content of 26 studied elements using statistical approaches. 
In this research, magnetic susceptibility was measured using SM30, a small magnetic susceptibility meter with a very high sensitivity of 1 × 10-7
SI. Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy was used to determine the concentration of the studied elements, after sequential 
extraction procedure (Sakan et al., 2016). Total concentrations of each element were determined as the sum of concentrations determined in each fraction.
The Kupa River basin, occupies the west-central part of Croatia and is shared by two neighboring countries (Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina). The Kupa itself is a tributary to the Sava River and meets the latter at Sisak after traversing a distance of 294 km. The river basin is one of the most significant water resources in Croatia (Frančišković-Bilinski et al., 2012). 
Vlasina River Basin covers an area of 1061.72 km² and covers the south eastern part of Serbia. The total length of Vlasina River is 65.9 km. The largest part of the geological base of the Vlasina River Basin belongs to the Serbo-Macedonian mass, formed in the Palaeozoic (Carbon-Perm) (Durlević et al., 2019).
Correlation analysis was performed to reveal statistical correlations between MS and 26 elements analyzed by ICP-OES in Kupa sediment samples. Ten of them showed negative correlation (As, B, Ba, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Na, P, S), while other elements showed positive. Chromium showed excellent correlation with MS (0.91) and is element with the highest correlation to MS, what could  indicate its anthropogenic origin. Element with strongest correlation to MS after Cr is vanadium (0.62), followed by Mn (0.52), Al (0.52) and Cd (0.50). All other elements have rather weak correlation with MS, among which highest are those of Sr (0.45), Zn (0.35), Be (0.28), Co (0.27), Pb (0.27) and Ti (0.26). 
Measured MS values in Vlasina samples are mostly very low, with several locations where values are a bit higher; they range from 0.02 x 10-3
to 1.113 x 10-3 SI units. The strongest correlation was observed with Mo (0.43), then with Ag (0.29). Correlations > 0.10 are determined between MS and following elements: Zn (0.17); Cu (0.12); Pb (0.17); Ba (0.13); Mn (0.10); Ti (0.20); V (0.21); In (0.16); Sn (0.16); Tm (0.10); Lu (0.12); Hg (0.16); Bi (0.13); Th (0.15) and U (0.24). Correlation analysis between MS and measured chemical elements has shown that strong correlations do not exist. 
From that it could be concluded that in Vlasina samples there is no significant anthropogenic influence.",
publisher = "Zagreb : Ruđer Bošković Institute",
journal = "17th “Castle Meeting” on Palaeo, Rock and Environmental Magnetism - Book of Abstracts, August 28-September 3, 2022, Castle Trakošćan, Croatia",
title = "Magnetic properties as indicators of toxic elements pollution  in surface sediments of the Vlasina River (Serbia) and Kupa River (Croatia)",
pages = "108-109",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_6851"
}

Sakan, S., Frančišković-Bilinski, S., Đorđević, D., Popović, A., Mihajlidi-Zelić, A., Škrivanj, S.,& Bilinski, H.. (2022). Magnetic properties as indicators of toxic elements pollution  in surface sediments of the Vlasina River (Serbia) and Kupa River (Croatia). in 17th “Castle Meeting” on Palaeo, Rock and Environmental Magnetism - Book of Abstracts, August 28-September 3, 2022, Castle Trakošćan, Croatia
Zagreb : Ruđer Bošković Institute., 108-109.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_6851

Sakan S, Frančišković-Bilinski S, Đorđević D, Popović A, Mihajlidi-Zelić A, Škrivanj S, Bilinski H. Magnetic properties as indicators of toxic elements pollution  in surface sediments of the Vlasina River (Serbia) and Kupa River (Croatia). in 17th “Castle Meeting” on Palaeo, Rock and Environmental Magnetism - Book of Abstracts, August 28-September 3, 2022, Castle Trakošćan, Croatia. 2022;:108-109.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_6851 .

Sakan, Sanja, Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav, Đorđević, Dragana, Popović, Aleksandar, Mihajlidi-Zelić, Aleksandra, Škrivanj, Sandra, Bilinski, Halka, "Magnetic properties as indicators of toxic elements pollution  in surface sediments of the Vlasina River (Serbia) and Kupa River (Croatia)" in 17th “Castle Meeting” on Palaeo, Rock and Environmental Magnetism - Book of Abstracts, August 28-September 3, 2022, Castle Trakošćan, Croatia (2022):108-109,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_6851 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sakan, Sanja
AU  - Mihajlidi-Zelić, Aleksandra
AU  - Škrivanj, Sandra
AU  - Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav
AU  - Đorđević, Dragana
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5638
AB  - Increasing pollutant levels in surface water are a very important problem in developing countries. In Serbia, the largest rivers are transboundary rivers that cross the border already polluted. Taking this into account, evaluation of the distribution characteristics, ecological risk, and sources of toxic elements in river water and surface sediments in the watercourses of the Vlasina watershed is of great significance for the protection of water resources in Serbia. A total of 17 sediment and 18 water samples were collected and analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma—Optical Emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and Inductively Coupled Plasma—Mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to determine micro- and macroelements contents. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo) was applied to determine and classify the magnitude of toxic element pollution in this river sediment. The contents of the studied toxic elements were below water and sediment quality guidelines. For studied river water, results of principal component analysis (PCA) indicated the difference in behavior of Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, and As and V, respectively. Cluster analysis (CA) classified water samples according to As and Cu content. The PCA results revealed that lead in river sediments had different behavior than other elements and can be associated mainly with anthropogenic sources. According to the degree of Igeo, the majority of sediments in the Vlasina region were uncontaminated regarding studied toxic elements. The origin of elements is mostly from natural processes such as soil and rock weathering.
PB  - Switzerland : Frontiers Media S.A.
T2  - Frontiers in Environmental Science
T1  - An Integrated Approach in the Assessment of the Vlasina River System Pollution by Toxic Elements
VL  - 10
SP  - 909858
DO  - 10.3389/fenvs.2022.909858
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Sakan, Sanja and Mihajlidi-Zelić, Aleksandra and Škrivanj, Sandra and Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav and Đorđević, Dragana",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Increasing pollutant levels in surface water are a very important problem in developing countries. In Serbia, the largest rivers are transboundary rivers that cross the border already polluted. Taking this into account, evaluation of the distribution characteristics, ecological risk, and sources of toxic elements in river water and surface sediments in the watercourses of the Vlasina watershed is of great significance for the protection of water resources in Serbia. A total of 17 sediment and 18 water samples were collected and analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma—Optical Emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and Inductively Coupled Plasma—Mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to determine micro- and macroelements contents. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo) was applied to determine and classify the magnitude of toxic element pollution in this river sediment. The contents of the studied toxic elements were below water and sediment quality guidelines. For studied river water, results of principal component analysis (PCA) indicated the difference in behavior of Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, and As and V, respectively. Cluster analysis (CA) classified water samples according to As and Cu content. The PCA results revealed that lead in river sediments had different behavior than other elements and can be associated mainly with anthropogenic sources. According to the degree of Igeo, the majority of sediments in the Vlasina region were uncontaminated regarding studied toxic elements. The origin of elements is mostly from natural processes such as soil and rock weathering.",
publisher = "Switzerland : Frontiers Media S.A.",
journal = "Frontiers in Environmental Science",
title = "An Integrated Approach in the Assessment of the Vlasina River System Pollution by Toxic Elements",
volume = "10",
pages = "909858",
doi = "10.3389/fenvs.2022.909858"
}

Sakan, S., Mihajlidi-Zelić, A., Škrivanj, S., Frančišković-Bilinski, S.,& Đorđević, D.. (2022). An Integrated Approach in the Assessment of the Vlasina River System Pollution by Toxic Elements. in Frontiers in Environmental Science
Switzerland : Frontiers Media S.A.., 10, 909858.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.909858

Sakan S, Mihajlidi-Zelić A, Škrivanj S, Frančišković-Bilinski S, Đorđević D. An Integrated Approach in the Assessment of the Vlasina River System Pollution by Toxic Elements. in Frontiers in Environmental Science. 2022;10:909858.
doi:10.3389/fenvs.2022.909858 .

Sakan, Sanja, Mihajlidi-Zelić, Aleksandra, Škrivanj, Sandra, Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav, Đorđević, Dragana, "An Integrated Approach in the Assessment of the Vlasina River System Pollution by Toxic Elements" in Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10 (2022):909858,
https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.909858 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Sakan, Sanja
AU  - Mihajlidi-Zelić, Aleksandra
AU  - Škrivanj, Sandra
AU  - Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav
AU  - Bilinski, Halka
AU  - Đorđević, Dragana
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6849
AB  - In this research, the optimized three-step sequential extraction procedure for the fractionation of micro- and macroelements, proposed by Commission of European Communities of reference (BCR) has been applied to the soils from Vlasina region. Element concentrations in the extracts were determined using ICP OES. Magnetic  susceptibility (MS) was measured using magnetic susceptibility meter. The index of geoaccumulation (Igeo) has been applied to assess trace elements distribution and contamination in studied soils. An assessment of toxic element levels in the studied soils is made by comparing the total contents of the extracted elements with the limit values determined by Serbian Regulation. Metal fractionation showed that easily mobile form is 
dominant for lead and manganese. Other elements (Zn, Ni, Cr, Co, As, Cu, Cd, and V), found dominantly in the residual fraction indicate that these elements may be an indicator for natural sources input. Obtained results indicated that the soils from Vlasina region were not contaminated with toxic elements and the origin of elements is mostly from natural processes such as soil and rock weathering.
PB  - Serbian Society of Soil Science
C3  - Book of proceedings - 3rd International and 15th National Congress Soils for Future Under Global Challenges, 21–24 September 2021 Sokobanja, Serbia
T1  - Toxic elements in soils from Vlasina region
SP  - 79
EP  - 86
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_6849
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Sakan, Sanja and Mihajlidi-Zelić, Aleksandra and Škrivanj, Sandra and Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav and Bilinski, Halka and Đorđević, Dragana",
year = "2021",
abstract = "In this research, the optimized three-step sequential extraction procedure for the fractionation of micro- and macroelements, proposed by Commission of European Communities of reference (BCR) has been applied to the soils from Vlasina region. Element concentrations in the extracts were determined using ICP OES. Magnetic  susceptibility (MS) was measured using magnetic susceptibility meter. The index of geoaccumulation (Igeo) has been applied to assess trace elements distribution and contamination in studied soils. An assessment of toxic element levels in the studied soils is made by comparing the total contents of the extracted elements with the limit values determined by Serbian Regulation. Metal fractionation showed that easily mobile form is 
dominant for lead and manganese. Other elements (Zn, Ni, Cr, Co, As, Cu, Cd, and V), found dominantly in the residual fraction indicate that these elements may be an indicator for natural sources input. Obtained results indicated that the soils from Vlasina region were not contaminated with toxic elements and the origin of elements is mostly from natural processes such as soil and rock weathering.",
publisher = "Serbian Society of Soil Science",
journal = "Book of proceedings - 3rd International and 15th National Congress Soils for Future Under Global Challenges, 21–24 September 2021 Sokobanja, Serbia",
title = "Toxic elements in soils from Vlasina region",
pages = "79-86",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_6849"
}

Sakan, S., Mihajlidi-Zelić, A., Škrivanj, S., Frančišković-Bilinski, S., Bilinski, H.,& Đorđević, D.. (2021). Toxic elements in soils from Vlasina region. in Book of proceedings - 3rd International and 15th National Congress Soils for Future Under Global Challenges, 21–24 September 2021 Sokobanja, Serbia
Serbian Society of Soil Science., 79-86.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_6849

Sakan S, Mihajlidi-Zelić A, Škrivanj S, Frančišković-Bilinski S, Bilinski H, Đorđević D. Toxic elements in soils from Vlasina region. in Book of proceedings - 3rd International and 15th National Congress Soils for Future Under Global Challenges, 21–24 September 2021 Sokobanja, Serbia. 2021;:79-86.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_6849 .

Sakan, Sanja, Mihajlidi-Zelić, Aleksandra, Škrivanj, Sandra, Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav, Bilinski, Halka, Đorđević, Dragana, "Toxic elements in soils from Vlasina region" in Book of proceedings - 3rd International and 15th National Congress Soils for Future Under Global Challenges, 21–24 September 2021 Sokobanja, Serbia (2021):79-86,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_6849 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav
AU  - Sakan, Sanja
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4524
AB  - Access to drinking water is one of the largest problems of modern times, and water
pollution is a growing problem worldwide. Increased concentrations of different toxic
substances, especially heavy metals, affect biodiversity and are hazardous for human
health. Sediment may act as a sink for a huge number of toxic substances and should,
therefore, be investigated in addition to water, as it contains a record of previous pollution.
Geochemical investigations of aquatic sediments in freshwater and marine environments
present excellent insights into the state of pollution of investigated water bodies and their
ecosystems. The chemical composition of sediment is informative, both in investigations of
mineral resources of a particular region for mining purposes and in tracing contamination
from different sources. Pollution affects all sources of drinking water—ground, spring,
river, and lake. The interaction of water and sediment is of special importance, as sediment
can also release heavy metals and act as a source of pollution.
PB  - MDPI
T2  - Water (Switzerland)
T1  - Geochemistry of water and sediment
VL  - 13
IS  - 5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
DO  - 10.3390/w13050693
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav and Sakan, Sanja",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Access to drinking water is one of the largest problems of modern times, and water
pollution is a growing problem worldwide. Increased concentrations of different toxic
substances, especially heavy metals, affect biodiversity and are hazardous for human
health. Sediment may act as a sink for a huge number of toxic substances and should,
therefore, be investigated in addition to water, as it contains a record of previous pollution.
Geochemical investigations of aquatic sediments in freshwater and marine environments
present excellent insights into the state of pollution of investigated water bodies and their
ecosystems. The chemical composition of sediment is informative, both in investigations of
mineral resources of a particular region for mining purposes and in tracing contamination
from different sources. Pollution affects all sources of drinking water—ground, spring,
river, and lake. The interaction of water and sediment is of special importance, as sediment
can also release heavy metals and act as a source of pollution.",
publisher = "MDPI",
journal = "Water (Switzerland)",
title = "Geochemistry of water and sediment",
volume = "13",
number = "5",
pages = "1-5",
doi = "10.3390/w13050693"
}

Frančišković-Bilinski, S.,& Sakan, S.. (2021). Geochemistry of water and sediment. in Water (Switzerland)
MDPI., 13(5), 1-5.
https://doi.org/10.3390/w13050693

Frančišković-Bilinski S, Sakan S. Geochemistry of water and sediment. in Water (Switzerland). 2021;13(5):1-5.
doi:10.3390/w13050693 .

Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav, Sakan, Sanja, "Geochemistry of water and sediment" in Water (Switzerland), 13, no. 5 (2021):1-5,
https://doi.org/10.3390/w13050693 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sakan, Sanja
AU  - Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav
AU  - Đorđević, Dragana
AU  - Popović, Aleksandar R.
AU  - Škrivanj, Sandra
AU  - Bilinski, Halka
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3645
AB  - This study investigated the quality of Kupa River sediment using sequential extraction,
ecological risk, and contamination indexes (Risk assessment code, Index of geoaccumulation,
Enrichment factor, Ecological risk factor, Ecological risk index), determination of magnetic
susceptibility of sediments, and statistical methods. The BCR sequential extraction technique
was used for evaluating various element-binding forms. Most of the elements were considered to
be immobile due to the high availability in the residual fraction. Lead was present mainly in the
reducible fraction, while more easily mobile and bioavailable forms were predominant for cadmium
and barium. Sediment samples from the river catchment exhibited low ecological risk. The most
toxic element, Cd, is the main contributor to the total potentially ecological risk. Increased values
of contamination factors have been observed for Zn, Cr, and Ba in some localities. Results of the
comparison of element contents in sediments in a 15-year period (2018 vs. 2003) indicated that the
situation with toxic element content in sediments along Kupa River improved formost of its course.
Unfortunately, on the lower course of the river, the situation has worsened. Using the example of
Kupa River sediments, it was shown that the magnetic susceptibility method is excellent indetecting
increased values of Cr.
PB  - MDPI
T2  - Water
T1  - Geochemical Fractionation and Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements in Sediments from Kupa River, Croatia
VL  - 12
IS  - 7
SP  - 2024
DO  - 10.3390/w12072024
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Sakan, Sanja and Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav and Đorđević, Dragana and Popović, Aleksandar R. and Škrivanj, Sandra and Bilinski, Halka",
year = "2020",
abstract = "This study investigated the quality of Kupa River sediment using sequential extraction,
ecological risk, and contamination indexes (Risk assessment code, Index of geoaccumulation,
Enrichment factor, Ecological risk factor, Ecological risk index), determination of magnetic
susceptibility of sediments, and statistical methods. The BCR sequential extraction technique
was used for evaluating various element-binding forms. Most of the elements were considered to
be immobile due to the high availability in the residual fraction. Lead was present mainly in the
reducible fraction, while more easily mobile and bioavailable forms were predominant for cadmium
and barium. Sediment samples from the river catchment exhibited low ecological risk. The most
toxic element, Cd, is the main contributor to the total potentially ecological risk. Increased values
of contamination factors have been observed for Zn, Cr, and Ba in some localities. Results of the
comparison of element contents in sediments in a 15-year period (2018 vs. 2003) indicated that the
situation with toxic element content in sediments along Kupa River improved formost of its course.
Unfortunately, on the lower course of the river, the situation has worsened. Using the example of
Kupa River sediments, it was shown that the magnetic susceptibility method is excellent indetecting
increased values of Cr.",
publisher = "MDPI",
journal = "Water",
title = "Geochemical Fractionation and Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements in Sediments from Kupa River, Croatia",
volume = "12",
number = "7",
pages = "2024",
doi = "10.3390/w12072024"
}

Sakan, S., Frančišković-Bilinski, S., Đorđević, D., Popović, A. R., Škrivanj, S.,& Bilinski, H.. (2020). Geochemical Fractionation and Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements in Sediments from Kupa River, Croatia. in Water
MDPI., 12(7), 2024.
https://doi.org/10.3390/w12072024

Sakan S, Frančišković-Bilinski S, Đorđević D, Popović AR, Škrivanj S, Bilinski H. Geochemical Fractionation and Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements in Sediments from Kupa River, Croatia. in Water. 2020;12(7):2024.
doi:10.3390/w12072024 .

Sakan, Sanja, Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav, Đorđević, Dragana, Popović, Aleksandar R., Škrivanj, Sandra, Bilinski, Halka, "Geochemical Fractionation and Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements in Sediments from Kupa River, Croatia" in Water, 12, no. 7 (2020):2024,
https://doi.org/10.3390/w12072024 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav
AU  - Sakan, Sanja
AU  - Đorđević, Dragana
AU  - Mihajlidi-Zelić, Aleksandra
AU  - Škrivanj, Sandra
PY  - 2019
UR  - https://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2019/EGU2019-2182.pdf
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6854
AB  - Vlasina is a beautiful plateau in the south-east of Serbia. It is a natural protected area, known due to unspoiled nature, clean springs and Vlasina Lake, which is the largest artificial lake in Serbia, located at 1.213 m a.s.l. Vlasina River has its spring under the Vlasina Lake dam and it is about 70 km long tributary of South Morava River. Because of its location in a sparsely inhabited mountain region and because of lack of industrial pollutants in this area, Vlasina is considered to be one of the cleanest Serbian rivers.
We aim to introduce the relatively new, fast and cheap method of magnetic susceptibility (MS) in environmental research in Serbia, in addition to usually used geochemical and mineralogical methods. Until recently MS measurements have not been used for this purpose in the broader region around Serbia, e.g. first such measurements in Croatia were performed by Francišković-Bilinski (2008) on the samples from Kupa River watershed. ´
Measured MS values in Vlasina samples are mostly very low, with several locations where values are a bit higher; they range from 0.02 x 10-3 to 1.113 x 10-3 SI units.
Statistical boxplot analysis of anomalies has shown that 3 extremes (anomalies of higher degree) and 1 outlier (anomaly of lower degree) exist.
Correlation analysis between MS and measured chemical elements has shown that strong correlations do not exist. From that it could be concluded that in Vlasina samples there is no significant anthropogenic influence. In the case of Vlasina strongest correlation was observed with Mo (0.43), then with Ag (0.29). Correlations > 0.10 are determined between MS and following elements: Zn (0.17); Cu (0.12); Pb (0.17); Ba (0.13); Mn (0.10); Ti (0.20); V (0.21); In (0.16); Sn (0.16); Tm (0.10); Lu (0.12); Hg (0.16); Bi (0.13); Th (0.15) and U (0.24). Those correlations support our hypothesis about natural (geogene) origin of those elements from metamorphic rocks,
which prevail in this region.
Q-mode cluster analysis was also performed. It also supports our claim that in Vlasina region there is no significant anthropogenic influence. Cluster 1 from Vlasina is correlated with carbonates, as mean Ca value in this cluster is 8 times higher than in Cluster 2. Cluster 1 contains samples from 4 locations, which are located in the area where carbonate rocks (mainly limestones) are present. On those locations also statistical anomalies of Ca were found using boxplot method. In this carbonate cluster concentrations of majority of heavy metals are lower than in Cluster 2, also MS value is lower, what is due to the fact that in carbonates metal concentrations are naturally lower.
PB  - Copernicus Publications
C3  - Geophysical Research Abstracts
T1  - Magnetic methods applied in environmental research in Serbia for investigation of Vlasina region sediments and soils
VL  - 21
SP  - EGU2019-2182
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_6854
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav and Sakan, Sanja and Đorđević, Dragana and Mihajlidi-Zelić, Aleksandra and Škrivanj, Sandra",
year = "2019",
abstract = "Vlasina is a beautiful plateau in the south-east of Serbia. It is a natural protected area, known due to unspoiled nature, clean springs and Vlasina Lake, which is the largest artificial lake in Serbia, located at 1.213 m a.s.l. Vlasina River has its spring under the Vlasina Lake dam and it is about 70 km long tributary of South Morava River. Because of its location in a sparsely inhabited mountain region and because of lack of industrial pollutants in this area, Vlasina is considered to be one of the cleanest Serbian rivers.
We aim to introduce the relatively new, fast and cheap method of magnetic susceptibility (MS) in environmental research in Serbia, in addition to usually used geochemical and mineralogical methods. Until recently MS measurements have not been used for this purpose in the broader region around Serbia, e.g. first such measurements in Croatia were performed by Francišković-Bilinski (2008) on the samples from Kupa River watershed. ´
Measured MS values in Vlasina samples are mostly very low, with several locations where values are a bit higher; they range from 0.02 x 10-3 to 1.113 x 10-3 SI units.
Statistical boxplot analysis of anomalies has shown that 3 extremes (anomalies of higher degree) and 1 outlier (anomaly of lower degree) exist.
Correlation analysis between MS and measured chemical elements has shown that strong correlations do not exist. From that it could be concluded that in Vlasina samples there is no significant anthropogenic influence. In the case of Vlasina strongest correlation was observed with Mo (0.43), then with Ag (0.29). Correlations > 0.10 are determined between MS and following elements: Zn (0.17); Cu (0.12); Pb (0.17); Ba (0.13); Mn (0.10); Ti (0.20); V (0.21); In (0.16); Sn (0.16); Tm (0.10); Lu (0.12); Hg (0.16); Bi (0.13); Th (0.15) and U (0.24). Those correlations support our hypothesis about natural (geogene) origin of those elements from metamorphic rocks,
which prevail in this region.
Q-mode cluster analysis was also performed. It also supports our claim that in Vlasina region there is no significant anthropogenic influence. Cluster 1 from Vlasina is correlated with carbonates, as mean Ca value in this cluster is 8 times higher than in Cluster 2. Cluster 1 contains samples from 4 locations, which are located in the area where carbonate rocks (mainly limestones) are present. On those locations also statistical anomalies of Ca were found using boxplot method. In this carbonate cluster concentrations of majority of heavy metals are lower than in Cluster 2, also MS value is lower, what is due to the fact that in carbonates metal concentrations are naturally lower.",
publisher = "Copernicus Publications",
journal = "Geophysical Research Abstracts",
title = "Magnetic methods applied in environmental research in Serbia for investigation of Vlasina region sediments and soils",
volume = "21",
pages = "EGU2019-2182",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_6854"
}

Frančišković-Bilinski, S., Sakan, S., Đorđević, D., Mihajlidi-Zelić, A.,& Škrivanj, S.. (2019). Magnetic methods applied in environmental research in Serbia for investigation of Vlasina region sediments and soils. in Geophysical Research Abstracts
Copernicus Publications., 21, EGU2019-2182.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_6854

Frančišković-Bilinski S, Sakan S, Đorđević D, Mihajlidi-Zelić A, Škrivanj S. Magnetic methods applied in environmental research in Serbia for investigation of Vlasina region sediments and soils. in Geophysical Research Abstracts. 2019;21:EGU2019-2182.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_6854 .

Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav, Sakan, Sanja, Đorđević, Dragana, Mihajlidi-Zelić, Aleksandra, Škrivanj, Sandra, "Magnetic methods applied in environmental research in Serbia for investigation of Vlasina region sediments and soils" in Geophysical Research Abstracts, 21 (2019):EGU2019-2182,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_6854 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav
AU  - Bilinski, Halka
AU  - Sakan, Sanja
AU  - Đorđević, Dragana
AU  - Popović, Aleksandar R.
PY  - 2019
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3262
AB  - The Kupa River, located in the west-central part of Croatia, is a 294 km long tributary of the Sava River, belonging to the Danube watershed. An extreme barium anomaly in sediments of Kupica and Kupa rivers was discovered during 2003 by Frančišković-Bilinski. It originates from an abundant barite mine in Homer-Lokve area, from where it penetrated to Kupica River source. From there the Ba-anomaly in sediments was followed more than 120 km downstream along both rivers. This discovery has a big potential to be used in future sediment transport studies in rivers. Therefore, we repeated sampling on most important locations in 2018, exactly 15 years since the anomaly discovery. The sequential extraction procedure of the EC Bureau of Reference was applied to investigate the transport and fractionation of Ba. During mentioned period of 15 years following processes related with Ba-distribution were observed in fraction <63 µm: Ba-concentrations decreased more than 10 times in Kupica River, from 5790 to 385 mg/kg at Brod na Kupi and 473 mg/kg at Iševnica near the Kupica source. Also, at the first location in Kupa River after confluence with Kupica Ba-concentration decreased from 1070 to 429 mg/kg. This significant decrease is a consequence of abandoning of barite mine in 1994, after which self-purification process of Kupica and Kupa river sediments gradually started. Large quantities of Ba gradually shifted more downstream and in the middle course of the river Ba-deposition in sediments is still going on. At location Jurovo in the middle course of the river concentrations remained about the same in both years, while in Ozalj several km downstream concentration moderately decreased from 341 to 241 mg/kg. Very important finding is that Ba-anomaly in the time frame of 15 years arrived at least 50 km more downstream. Namely, in 2003 at location Pokupsko in the lower course of Kupa River, Ba-concentration was only 78.4 mg/kg, what is about the background level for this region. In 2018 Ba-concentrations significantly increased to 209 mg/kg. At the far end of the river course in Sisak, Ba-anomaly has not yet been observed - concentrations of Ba remained almost the same (65 mg/kg in 2003 and 63.8 mg/kg in 2018). From analysis of coarser sediment fraction 63-2000 µm can be concluded that barium is bound with fine particles. Results of sequential analysis showed that Ba was extracted in the following order for < 63 µm sediment fraction: reducible > residual > soluble in acid > oxidizable, while for 63-2000 µm sediment fraction: reducible > soluble in acid > residual > oxidizable. The highest Ba-content was found in reducible fraction, what indicated that Fe and Mn minerals acted as natural accumulators for Ba in investigated sediments. This association indicated that Ba was potentially extractable. It could have been mobilized from the sediment into the aquatic environment due to decomposition of Fe and Mn oxides under slightly reducing conditions.
PB  - International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference
C3  - 19th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference, SGEM 2019; Albena; Bulgaria; 30 June 2019 through 6 July 2019
T1  - Changes of Ba contents in sediments of Kupa river (Croatia) 15 years after discovery of ba anomaly complemented by sequential extraction
VL  - 19
SP  - 73
EP  - 80
DO  - 10.5593/sgem2019/3.1/S12.010
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav and Bilinski, Halka and Sakan, Sanja and Đorđević, Dragana and Popović, Aleksandar R.",
year = "2019",
abstract = "The Kupa River, located in the west-central part of Croatia, is a 294 km long tributary of the Sava River, belonging to the Danube watershed. An extreme barium anomaly in sediments of Kupica and Kupa rivers was discovered during 2003 by Frančišković-Bilinski. It originates from an abundant barite mine in Homer-Lokve area, from where it penetrated to Kupica River source. From there the Ba-anomaly in sediments was followed more than 120 km downstream along both rivers. This discovery has a big potential to be used in future sediment transport studies in rivers. Therefore, we repeated sampling on most important locations in 2018, exactly 15 years since the anomaly discovery. The sequential extraction procedure of the EC Bureau of Reference was applied to investigate the transport and fractionation of Ba. During mentioned period of 15 years following processes related with Ba-distribution were observed in fraction <63 µm: Ba-concentrations decreased more than 10 times in Kupica River, from 5790 to 385 mg/kg at Brod na Kupi and 473 mg/kg at Iševnica near the Kupica source. Also, at the first location in Kupa River after confluence with Kupica Ba-concentration decreased from 1070 to 429 mg/kg. This significant decrease is a consequence of abandoning of barite mine in 1994, after which self-purification process of Kupica and Kupa river sediments gradually started. Large quantities of Ba gradually shifted more downstream and in the middle course of the river Ba-deposition in sediments is still going on. At location Jurovo in the middle course of the river concentrations remained about the same in both years, while in Ozalj several km downstream concentration moderately decreased from 341 to 241 mg/kg. Very important finding is that Ba-anomaly in the time frame of 15 years arrived at least 50 km more downstream. Namely, in 2003 at location Pokupsko in the lower course of Kupa River, Ba-concentration was only 78.4 mg/kg, what is about the background level for this region. In 2018 Ba-concentrations significantly increased to 209 mg/kg. At the far end of the river course in Sisak, Ba-anomaly has not yet been observed - concentrations of Ba remained almost the same (65 mg/kg in 2003 and 63.8 mg/kg in 2018). From analysis of coarser sediment fraction 63-2000 µm can be concluded that barium is bound with fine particles. Results of sequential analysis showed that Ba was extracted in the following order for < 63 µm sediment fraction: reducible > residual > soluble in acid > oxidizable, while for 63-2000 µm sediment fraction: reducible > soluble in acid > residual > oxidizable. The highest Ba-content was found in reducible fraction, what indicated that Fe and Mn minerals acted as natural accumulators for Ba in investigated sediments. This association indicated that Ba was potentially extractable. It could have been mobilized from the sediment into the aquatic environment due to decomposition of Fe and Mn oxides under slightly reducing conditions.",
publisher = "International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference",
journal = "19th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference, SGEM 2019; Albena; Bulgaria; 30 June 2019 through 6 July 2019",
title = "Changes of Ba contents in sediments of Kupa river (Croatia) 15 years after discovery of ba anomaly complemented by sequential extraction",
volume = "19",
pages = "73-80",
doi = "10.5593/sgem2019/3.1/S12.010"
}

Frančišković-Bilinski, S., Bilinski, H., Sakan, S., Đorđević, D.,& Popović, A. R.. (2019). Changes of Ba contents in sediments of Kupa river (Croatia) 15 years after discovery of ba anomaly complemented by sequential extraction. in 19th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference, SGEM 2019; Albena; Bulgaria; 30 June 2019 through 6 July 2019
International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference., 19, 73-80.
https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2019/3.1/S12.010

Frančišković-Bilinski S, Bilinski H, Sakan S, Đorđević D, Popović AR. Changes of Ba contents in sediments of Kupa river (Croatia) 15 years after discovery of ba anomaly complemented by sequential extraction. in 19th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference, SGEM 2019; Albena; Bulgaria; 30 June 2019 through 6 July 2019. 2019;19:73-80.
doi:10.5593/sgem2019/3.1/S12.010 .

Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav, Bilinski, Halka, Sakan, Sanja, Đorđević, Dragana, Popović, Aleksandar R., "Changes of Ba contents in sediments of Kupa river (Croatia) 15 years after discovery of ba anomaly complemented by sequential extraction" in 19th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference, SGEM 2019; Albena; Bulgaria; 30 June 2019 through 6 July 2019, 19 (2019):73-80,
https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2019/3.1/S12.010 . .