TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stevanović, R.
AU  - Stevanović, Jasmina
AU  - Despić, Aleksandar
PY  - 2001
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6834
AB  - The process of electroless Ni plating (EP) was activated by the cathodic deposition of precursors of Ni in the same bath in which EP takes place. The current density (c.d.), duration of cathodic activation, as well as the duration of subsequent EP were varied and the effect of these parameters on the phase composition of the resulting Ni–P deposits was determined by anodic linear sweep voltammetry (ALSV). It was found that electrochemical activation can be achieved with relatively low c.d. and short current pulses, to run at rates comparable to EP activated in other ways. The rate of EP alone was found to be in the range between 1 and 5 mC cm−2 s−1, regardless of the activation c.d. or the amount of electrochemically deposited Ni precursors. A synergistic effect was obtained in cases when a little low c.d. cathodic current was passed simultaneously with the EP. The alloys were found to consist of a solid solution of P in Ni, as well as of some phosphide compounds and pure Ni (at increasing activation c.d.). During EP, however, only the solid solution was deposited. The phase structure of the deposit can be varied to a certain extent by the activation c.d.
PB  - Springer
T2  - Journal of Applied Electrochemistry
T1  - Electrochemical activation of the electroless deposition of Ni–P alloy and phase structure characterization of the deposit Part II: Single bath system
VL  - 31
IS  - 8
SP  - 855
EP  - 862
DO  - 10.1023/A:1017518817282
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Stevanović, R. and Stevanović, Jasmina and Despić, Aleksandar",
year = "2001",
abstract = "The process of electroless Ni plating (EP) was activated by the cathodic deposition of precursors of Ni in the same bath in which EP takes place. The current density (c.d.), duration of cathodic activation, as well as the duration of subsequent EP were varied and the effect of these parameters on the phase composition of the resulting Ni–P deposits was determined by anodic linear sweep voltammetry (ALSV). It was found that electrochemical activation can be achieved with relatively low c.d. and short current pulses, to run at rates comparable to EP activated in other ways. The rate of EP alone was found to be in the range between 1 and 5 mC cm−2 s−1, regardless of the activation c.d. or the amount of electrochemically deposited Ni precursors. A synergistic effect was obtained in cases when a little low c.d. cathodic current was passed simultaneously with the EP. The alloys were found to consist of a solid solution of P in Ni, as well as of some phosphide compounds and pure Ni (at increasing activation c.d.). During EP, however, only the solid solution was deposited. The phase structure of the deposit can be varied to a certain extent by the activation c.d.",
publisher = "Springer",
journal = "Journal of Applied Electrochemistry",
title = "Electrochemical activation of the electroless deposition of Ni–P alloy and phase structure characterization of the deposit Part II: Single bath system",
volume = "31",
number = "8",
pages = "855-862",
doi = "10.1023/A:1017518817282"
}

Stevanović, R., Stevanović, J.,& Despić, A.. (2001). Electrochemical activation of the electroless deposition of Ni–P alloy and phase structure characterization of the deposit Part II: Single bath system. in Journal of Applied Electrochemistry
Springer., 31(8), 855-862.
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017518817282

Stevanović R, Stevanović J, Despić A. Electrochemical activation of the electroless deposition of Ni–P alloy and phase structure characterization of the deposit Part II: Single bath system. in Journal of Applied Electrochemistry. 2001;31(8):855-862.
doi:10.1023/A:1017518817282 .

Stevanović, R., Stevanović, Jasmina, Despić, Aleksandar, "Electrochemical activation of the electroless deposition of Ni–P alloy and phase structure characterization of the deposit Part II: Single bath system" in Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 31, no. 8 (2001):855-862,
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017518817282 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Obradović, Maja
AU  - Stevanović, Jasmina
AU  - Despić, Aleksandar R.
AU  - Stevanović, R.
PY  - 1999
UR  - https://www.shd.org.rs/JSCS/Vol64/No4.htm
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6341
AB  - The induced deposition of W in the presence of iron-group metals has been known for a long time without a proper understanding of the mechanism of codeposition. Hints were made by several authors, concerning primarily a similar case of codeposition of Mo, which were not sufficiently substantiated by proper kinetic investigation as the research was oriented mainly toward practical aims. In the present investigation induced deposition of W with Ni was studied primarily from the point of view of the composition and phase structure of the resulting Ni-W alloy. The method of anodic linear sweep voltammetry was used to analyze deposits obtained at a rotating disc electrode, as it was proven to be a good tool for analysis of thin-layered deposits. 
	The polarisation diagram was found to exhibit a sharp current maximum and a subsequent decay at potentials at which Ni deposition starts. As some W oxide is found to deposit at less negative potential the sharp rise of current and the maximum are ascribed to catalytic effect of the oxide for hydrogen evolution, larger than that of depositing Ni-W alloy. 
	The deposit was found to exhibit two peaks upon anodic dissolution, both at significantly more positive potentials than that of Ni dissolution. The first peak is of limited quantity of electricity independent of the amount of the deposit, the  increase of the latter being reflected in the second peak only. 
	An aging effect was found rendering an alloy requiring much more positive potentials for dissolution than those for dissolution of freshly deposited alloys.
AB  - Taloženje volframa u prisustvu metala grupe gvožđa, indukovano taloženje, je fenomemen koji je odavno poznat. Međutim, mehanizam kodepozicije nije razjašnjen. Dosadašnja istraživanja indukovanog taloženja ( i to najčešće molibdena ) prvenstveno su bila usmerena ka primeni u praksi, a nedovoljno praćena odgovarajućim kinetičkim ispitivanjima. U ovom radu ispitivano je indukovano taloženje W sa Ni prvenstveno sa stanovišta sastava i fazne strukture dobijenih Ni-W legura. Metoda anodne linearne promene potencijala (ALSV) upotrebljena je za analizu prevlaka dobijenih na rotirajućoj disk elektrodi. 
	Na katodnim polarizacionim dijagramima taloženja nađen je oštar strujni maksimum na potencijalu koji odgovara početku taloženja Ni. Pad struje se može pripisati sporijem izdvajanju vodonika na leguri Ni-W, nego na oksidu volframa koji je se dobija pri manje negativnim potencijalima. 
	Na anodnim voltamogamima rastvaranja javljaju se dva karakteristična strujna vrha, oba na potencijalima znatno pozitivnijim od onih koji odgovaraju rastvaranju čistog Ni. Količina naelektrisanja koja odgovara prvom strujnom vrhu je ograničena odnosno, povećanje količine naelektrisanja pri taloženju odražava se u odgovarajućem porastu naelektrisanja drugog anodnog strujnog vrha. 
	Nađeno je da se legure, koje su stajale na sobnoj temperaturi u toku nekoliko časova posle taloženja, rastvaraju na znatno pozitivnijim potencijalim od onih koje su ispitivane neposredno posle taloženja, što ukazuje na stabilizaciju procesom u čvrsoj fazi.
PB  - Serbian Chemical Society
T2  - Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society
T1  - Electrochemical Deposition and Phase Structure of Electrodeposited Ni-W Alloys
T1  - Elektrohemijsko taloženje i fazna struktura legura Ni-W
VL  - 64
SP  - 245
EP  - 257
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_6341
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Obradović, Maja and Stevanović, Jasmina and Despić, Aleksandar R. and Stevanović, R.",
year = "1999",
abstract = "The induced deposition of W in the presence of iron-group metals has been known for a long time without a proper understanding of the mechanism of codeposition. Hints were made by several authors, concerning primarily a similar case of codeposition of Mo, which were not sufficiently substantiated by proper kinetic investigation as the research was oriented mainly toward practical aims. In the present investigation induced deposition of W with Ni was studied primarily from the point of view of the composition and phase structure of the resulting Ni-W alloy. The method of anodic linear sweep voltammetry was used to analyze deposits obtained at a rotating disc electrode, as it was proven to be a good tool for analysis of thin-layered deposits. 
	The polarisation diagram was found to exhibit a sharp current maximum and a subsequent decay at potentials at which Ni deposition starts. As some W oxide is found to deposit at less negative potential the sharp rise of current and the maximum are ascribed to catalytic effect of the oxide for hydrogen evolution, larger than that of depositing Ni-W alloy. 
	The deposit was found to exhibit two peaks upon anodic dissolution, both at significantly more positive potentials than that of Ni dissolution. The first peak is of limited quantity of electricity independent of the amount of the deposit, the  increase of the latter being reflected in the second peak only. 
	An aging effect was found rendering an alloy requiring much more positive potentials for dissolution than those for dissolution of freshly deposited alloys., Taloženje volframa u prisustvu metala grupe gvožđa, indukovano taloženje, je fenomemen koji je odavno poznat. Međutim, mehanizam kodepozicije nije razjašnjen. Dosadašnja istraživanja indukovanog taloženja ( i to najčešće molibdena ) prvenstveno su bila usmerena ka primeni u praksi, a nedovoljno praćena odgovarajućim kinetičkim ispitivanjima. U ovom radu ispitivano je indukovano taloženje W sa Ni prvenstveno sa stanovišta sastava i fazne strukture dobijenih Ni-W legura. Metoda anodne linearne promene potencijala (ALSV) upotrebljena je za analizu prevlaka dobijenih na rotirajućoj disk elektrodi. 
	Na katodnim polarizacionim dijagramima taloženja nađen je oštar strujni maksimum na potencijalu koji odgovara početku taloženja Ni. Pad struje se može pripisati sporijem izdvajanju vodonika na leguri Ni-W, nego na oksidu volframa koji je se dobija pri manje negativnim potencijalima. 
	Na anodnim voltamogamima rastvaranja javljaju se dva karakteristična strujna vrha, oba na potencijalima znatno pozitivnijim od onih koji odgovaraju rastvaranju čistog Ni. Količina naelektrisanja koja odgovara prvom strujnom vrhu je ograničena odnosno, povećanje količine naelektrisanja pri taloženju odražava se u odgovarajućem porastu naelektrisanja drugog anodnog strujnog vrha. 
	Nađeno je da se legure, koje su stajale na sobnoj temperaturi u toku nekoliko časova posle taloženja, rastvaraju na znatno pozitivnijim potencijalim od onih koje su ispitivane neposredno posle taloženja, što ukazuje na stabilizaciju procesom u čvrsoj fazi.",
publisher = "Serbian Chemical Society",
journal = "Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society",
title = "Electrochemical Deposition and Phase Structure of Electrodeposited Ni-W Alloys, Elektrohemijsko taloženje i fazna struktura legura Ni-W",
volume = "64",
pages = "245-257",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_6341"
}

Obradović, M., Stevanović, J., Despić, A. R.,& Stevanović, R.. (1999). Electrochemical Deposition and Phase Structure of Electrodeposited Ni-W Alloys. in Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society
Serbian Chemical Society., 64, 245-257.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_6341

Obradović M, Stevanović J, Despić AR, Stevanović R. Electrochemical Deposition and Phase Structure of Electrodeposited Ni-W Alloys. in Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society. 1999;64:245-257.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_6341 .

Obradović, Maja, Stevanović, Jasmina, Despić, Aleksandar R., Stevanović, R., "Electrochemical Deposition and Phase Structure of Electrodeposited Ni-W Alloys" in Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society, 64 (1999):245-257,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_6341 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stevanović, R.
AU  - Stevanović, Jasmina
AU  - Despić, Aleksandar
PY  - 1999
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6833
AB  - A typical low temperature alkaline bath was chosen for the investigation of the effect of electrochemical activation on the efficiency of the electroless deposition of Ni and on the phase structure of the Ni–P alloys obtained. Electrochemical deposition was separated from chemical deposition by employing a two bath sequence, the first (i.e., the bath for electrochemical activation) being free of reducing agent. It was found that an activation current density, as well as an amount of precursors at the surface larger than a critical value (0.5mA cm−2 and 8 mC cm−2, respectively) are required for the electroless process to take place. The phenomenon was explained in terms of nucleation theory. Anodic linear sweep voltammetry (ALSV) of the Ni–P alloys obtained after electrochemical activation, as well as of those obtained after chemical (Sn–Pd) activation, indicated the presence of two dominant phases, that is, a solid solution of P in Ni, and a nickel phosphide compound, most probably Ni2P. It was also shown that changes in the phase structure of the electroless Ni–P deposit upon thermal treatment may be followed by employing (ALSV).
PB  - Springer
T2  - Journal of Applied Electrochemistry
T1  - Electrochemical activation of the electroless deposition of Ni–P alloy and phase structure characterization of the deposit. Part I: Dual bath system
VL  - 29
IS  - 6
SP  - 751
EP  - 756
DO  - 10.1023/A:1003557822846
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Stevanović, R. and Stevanović, Jasmina and Despić, Aleksandar",
year = "1999",
abstract = "A typical low temperature alkaline bath was chosen for the investigation of the effect of electrochemical activation on the efficiency of the electroless deposition of Ni and on the phase structure of the Ni–P alloys obtained. Electrochemical deposition was separated from chemical deposition by employing a two bath sequence, the first (i.e., the bath for electrochemical activation) being free of reducing agent. It was found that an activation current density, as well as an amount of precursors at the surface larger than a critical value (0.5mA cm−2 and 8 mC cm−2, respectively) are required for the electroless process to take place. The phenomenon was explained in terms of nucleation theory. Anodic linear sweep voltammetry (ALSV) of the Ni–P alloys obtained after electrochemical activation, as well as of those obtained after chemical (Sn–Pd) activation, indicated the presence of two dominant phases, that is, a solid solution of P in Ni, and a nickel phosphide compound, most probably Ni2P. It was also shown that changes in the phase structure of the electroless Ni–P deposit upon thermal treatment may be followed by employing (ALSV).",
publisher = "Springer",
journal = "Journal of Applied Electrochemistry",
title = "Electrochemical activation of the electroless deposition of Ni–P alloy and phase structure characterization of the deposit. Part I: Dual bath system",
volume = "29",
number = "6",
pages = "751-756",
doi = "10.1023/A:1003557822846"
}

Stevanović, R., Stevanović, J.,& Despić, A.. (1999). Electrochemical activation of the electroless deposition of Ni–P alloy and phase structure characterization of the deposit. Part I: Dual bath system. in Journal of Applied Electrochemistry
Springer., 29(6), 751-756.
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1003557822846

Stevanović R, Stevanović J, Despić A. Electrochemical activation of the electroless deposition of Ni–P alloy and phase structure characterization of the deposit. Part I: Dual bath system. in Journal of Applied Electrochemistry. 1999;29(6):751-756.
doi:10.1023/A:1003557822846 .

Stevanović, R., Stevanović, Jasmina, Despić, Aleksandar, "Electrochemical activation of the electroless deposition of Ni–P alloy and phase structure characterization of the deposit. Part I: Dual bath system" in Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 29, no. 6 (1999):751-756,
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1003557822846 . .