TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grbović, Gorica
AU  - Malev, Olga
AU  - Dolenc, Darko
AU  - Klobucar, Roberta Sauerborn
AU  - Cvetkovic, Zelimira
AU  - Cvetkovic, Bruno
AU  - Jovančićević, Branimir
AU  - Trebše, Polonca
PY  - 2016
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1973
AB  - Environmental context Various UV-filtering chemicals are added to sunscreens in order to protect humans from the harmful effects of the sun. As a consequence of disinfection processes in swimming pools, sunscreen components may be chlorinated and change their structure and properties, leading to derivatives with higher toxicity. The safety of sunscreen components as well as that of their transformation products during their use requires further study. Abstract In this work is presented a synthesis pathway for the UV filter hexyl 2-(4-diethylamino-2-hydroxybenzoyl)benzoate (DHHB) and its chlorinated by-products in order to investigate the transformation behaviour and toxicity changes of DHHB during chlorination disinfection treatment. Acute toxicity was measured using standardised tests with aquatic model organisms. The potency of DHHB was compared with other benzophenone-like UV filters tested in the same experimental set-up. The toxicity of chlorinated compounds tested with photobacteria was found to be in a similar range to that of the starting compound. Microalgae were more sensitive to DHHB than to its chlorinated by-products, whereas daphnids were affected more by DHHB's chlorinated products. The comparative toxicity data showed DHHB and even more its chlorinated by-products as more highly biologically potent to daphnids than other tested UV filters. The toxic potential of benzophenone-like UV filters should be interpreted together with data on their chemical properties, chlorination effects and affected organisms.
PB  - Csiro Publishing, Clayton
T2  - Environmental Chemistry
T1  - Synthesis, characterisation and aquatic ecotoxicity of the UV filter hexyl 2-(4-diethylamino-2-hydroxybenzoyl)benzoate (DHHB) and its chlorinated by-products
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
SP  - 119
EP  - 126
DO  - 10.1071/EN15013
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Grbović, Gorica and Malev, Olga and Dolenc, Darko and Klobucar, Roberta Sauerborn and Cvetkovic, Zelimira and Cvetkovic, Bruno and Jovančićević, Branimir and Trebše, Polonca",
year = "2016",
abstract = "Environmental context Various UV-filtering chemicals are added to sunscreens in order to protect humans from the harmful effects of the sun. As a consequence of disinfection processes in swimming pools, sunscreen components may be chlorinated and change their structure and properties, leading to derivatives with higher toxicity. The safety of sunscreen components as well as that of their transformation products during their use requires further study. Abstract In this work is presented a synthesis pathway for the UV filter hexyl 2-(4-diethylamino-2-hydroxybenzoyl)benzoate (DHHB) and its chlorinated by-products in order to investigate the transformation behaviour and toxicity changes of DHHB during chlorination disinfection treatment. Acute toxicity was measured using standardised tests with aquatic model organisms. The potency of DHHB was compared with other benzophenone-like UV filters tested in the same experimental set-up. The toxicity of chlorinated compounds tested with photobacteria was found to be in a similar range to that of the starting compound. Microalgae were more sensitive to DHHB than to its chlorinated by-products, whereas daphnids were affected more by DHHB's chlorinated products. The comparative toxicity data showed DHHB and even more its chlorinated by-products as more highly biologically potent to daphnids than other tested UV filters. The toxic potential of benzophenone-like UV filters should be interpreted together with data on their chemical properties, chlorination effects and affected organisms.",
publisher = "Csiro Publishing, Clayton",
journal = "Environmental Chemistry",
title = "Synthesis, characterisation and aquatic ecotoxicity of the UV filter hexyl 2-(4-diethylamino-2-hydroxybenzoyl)benzoate (DHHB) and its chlorinated by-products",
volume = "13",
number = "1",
pages = "119-126",
doi = "10.1071/EN15013"
}

Grbović, G., Malev, O., Dolenc, D., Klobucar, R. S., Cvetkovic, Z., Cvetkovic, B., Jovančićević, B.,& Trebše, P.. (2016). Synthesis, characterisation and aquatic ecotoxicity of the UV filter hexyl 2-(4-diethylamino-2-hydroxybenzoyl)benzoate (DHHB) and its chlorinated by-products. in Environmental Chemistry
Csiro Publishing, Clayton., 13(1), 119-126.
https://doi.org/10.1071/EN15013

Grbović G, Malev O, Dolenc D, Klobucar RS, Cvetkovic Z, Cvetkovic B, Jovančićević B, Trebše P. Synthesis, characterisation and aquatic ecotoxicity of the UV filter hexyl 2-(4-diethylamino-2-hydroxybenzoyl)benzoate (DHHB) and its chlorinated by-products. in Environmental Chemistry. 2016;13(1):119-126.
doi:10.1071/EN15013 .

Grbović, Gorica, Malev, Olga, Dolenc, Darko, Klobucar, Roberta Sauerborn, Cvetkovic, Zelimira, Cvetkovic, Bruno, Jovančićević, Branimir, Trebše, Polonca, "Synthesis, characterisation and aquatic ecotoxicity of the UV filter hexyl 2-(4-diethylamino-2-hydroxybenzoyl)benzoate (DHHB) and its chlorinated by-products" in Environmental Chemistry, 13, no. 1 (2016):119-126,
https://doi.org/10.1071/EN15013 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grbović, Gorica
AU  - Trebše, Polonca
AU  - Dolenc, D.
AU  - Lebedev, A. T.
AU  - Sarakha, M.
PY  - 2013
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1268
AB  - The fate of modern personal care products in the environment is becoming a matter of increasing concern because of the growing production and assortment of these compounds. More and more chemicals of this class are treated as emerging contaminants. Transformation of commercially available products in the environment may result in the formation of a wide array of their metabolites. Personal care products in swimming pools and in drinking water reservoirs may undergo oxidation or chlorination. There is much data on the formation of more toxic metabolites from original low toxicity commercial products. Therefore, reliable identification of all possible transformation products and a thorough study of their physicochemical and biological properties are of high priority. The present study deals with the identification of the products of the aquatic chlorination of the hexyl 2-[4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoyl]-benzoate ultraviolet filter. High-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) and HPLC/MS/MS with accurate mass measurements were used for this purpose. As a result, three chlorinated transformation products were identified.
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken
T2  - Journal of Mass Spectrometry
T1  - LC/MS study of the UV filter hexyl 2-[4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoyl]-benzoate (DHHB) aquatic chlorination with sodium hypochlorite
VL  - 48
IS  - 11
SP  - 1232
EP  - 1240
DO  - 10.1002/jms.3286
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Grbović, Gorica and Trebše, Polonca and Dolenc, D. and Lebedev, A. T. and Sarakha, M.",
year = "2013",
abstract = "The fate of modern personal care products in the environment is becoming a matter of increasing concern because of the growing production and assortment of these compounds. More and more chemicals of this class are treated as emerging contaminants. Transformation of commercially available products in the environment may result in the formation of a wide array of their metabolites. Personal care products in swimming pools and in drinking water reservoirs may undergo oxidation or chlorination. There is much data on the formation of more toxic metabolites from original low toxicity commercial products. Therefore, reliable identification of all possible transformation products and a thorough study of their physicochemical and biological properties are of high priority. The present study deals with the identification of the products of the aquatic chlorination of the hexyl 2-[4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoyl]-benzoate ultraviolet filter. High-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) and HPLC/MS/MS with accurate mass measurements were used for this purpose. As a result, three chlorinated transformation products were identified.",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken",
journal = "Journal of Mass Spectrometry",
title = "LC/MS study of the UV filter hexyl 2-[4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoyl]-benzoate (DHHB) aquatic chlorination with sodium hypochlorite",
volume = "48",
number = "11",
pages = "1232-1240",
doi = "10.1002/jms.3286"
}

Grbović, G., Trebše, P., Dolenc, D., Lebedev, A. T.,& Sarakha, M.. (2013). LC/MS study of the UV filter hexyl 2-[4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoyl]-benzoate (DHHB) aquatic chlorination with sodium hypochlorite. in Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken., 48(11), 1232-1240.
https://doi.org/10.1002/jms.3286

Grbović G, Trebše P, Dolenc D, Lebedev AT, Sarakha M. LC/MS study of the UV filter hexyl 2-[4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoyl]-benzoate (DHHB) aquatic chlorination with sodium hypochlorite. in Journal of Mass Spectrometry. 2013;48(11):1232-1240.
doi:10.1002/jms.3286 .

Grbović, Gorica, Trebše, Polonca, Dolenc, D., Lebedev, A. T., Sarakha, M., "LC/MS study of the UV filter hexyl 2-[4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoyl]-benzoate (DHHB) aquatic chlorination with sodium hypochlorite" in Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 48, no. 11 (2013):1232-1240,
https://doi.org/10.1002/jms.3286 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhuang, Rensheng
AU  - Zabar, Romina
AU  - Grbović, Gorica
AU  - Dolenc, Darko
AU  - Yao, Jun
AU  - Tisler, Tatjana
AU  - Trebše, Polonca
PY  - 2013
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1228
AB  - In our study, the transformation of two most widely used UV filters, benzophenone-3 (BP3) and benzophenone-4 (BP4), in chlorinated water with disinfection reagents sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA) was studied. Based on the HPLC/MS and UV-Vis analysis the formation of two different chlorinated products (5-chloro-2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone and 3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone) was established. Identity of chlorinated products was confirmed by means of comparison of retention times with independently synthesized standards. Photostability study showed that dichloro-derivative in water is less stable then parent compounds, which is not the case for monochloro-derivatives. Toxicity of chlorinated compounds tested by Vibrio fischeri was found to be in the same range as that of the starting compounds. Preliminary testing of real water samples from swimming pools and sea swimming areas confirmed the presence of BP3 and its 3,5-dichloro derivative.
PB  - Slovenian Chemical Society
T2  - Acta Chimica Slovenica
T1  - Stability and Toxicity of Selected Chlorinated Benzophenone-type UV Filters in Waters
VL  - 60
IS  - 4
SP  - 826
EP  - 832
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_1228
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Zhuang, Rensheng and Zabar, Romina and Grbović, Gorica and Dolenc, Darko and Yao, Jun and Tisler, Tatjana and Trebše, Polonca",
year = "2013",
abstract = "In our study, the transformation of two most widely used UV filters, benzophenone-3 (BP3) and benzophenone-4 (BP4), in chlorinated water with disinfection reagents sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA) was studied. Based on the HPLC/MS and UV-Vis analysis the formation of two different chlorinated products (5-chloro-2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone and 3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone) was established. Identity of chlorinated products was confirmed by means of comparison of retention times with independently synthesized standards. Photostability study showed that dichloro-derivative in water is less stable then parent compounds, which is not the case for monochloro-derivatives. Toxicity of chlorinated compounds tested by Vibrio fischeri was found to be in the same range as that of the starting compounds. Preliminary testing of real water samples from swimming pools and sea swimming areas confirmed the presence of BP3 and its 3,5-dichloro derivative.",
publisher = "Slovenian Chemical Society",
journal = "Acta Chimica Slovenica",
title = "Stability and Toxicity of Selected Chlorinated Benzophenone-type UV Filters in Waters",
volume = "60",
number = "4",
pages = "826-832",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_1228"
}

Zhuang, R., Zabar, R., Grbović, G., Dolenc, D., Yao, J., Tisler, T.,& Trebše, P.. (2013). Stability and Toxicity of Selected Chlorinated Benzophenone-type UV Filters in Waters. in Acta Chimica Slovenica
Slovenian Chemical Society., 60(4), 826-832.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_1228

Zhuang R, Zabar R, Grbović G, Dolenc D, Yao J, Tisler T, Trebše P. Stability and Toxicity of Selected Chlorinated Benzophenone-type UV Filters in Waters. in Acta Chimica Slovenica. 2013;60(4):826-832.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_1228 .

Zhuang, Rensheng, Zabar, Romina, Grbović, Gorica, Dolenc, Darko, Yao, Jun, Tisler, Tatjana, Trebše, Polonca, "Stability and Toxicity of Selected Chlorinated Benzophenone-type UV Filters in Waters" in Acta Chimica Slovenica, 60, no. 4 (2013):826-832,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cer_1228 .