TY  - JOUR
AU  - Salah Adeen Embirsh, Hifa
AU  - Vuksanović, Marija M.
AU  - Mladenović, Ivana O.
AU  - Knežević, Nataša
AU  - Milošević, Milena
AU  - Mijatov, Slavko
AU  - Jančić-Heinemann, Radmila
AU  - Marinković, Aleksandar
PY  - 2024
UR  - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/7601
AB  - Materials from green resources boast a low carbon footprint, forming the foundation of
 the circular economy approach in materials science. Thus, in this study, waste poly(ethylene
terephthalate) (PET) was subjected to depolymerization using propylene glycol (PG), and
subsequent polycondensation with bio-based maleic anhydride (MA) produced unsaturated
 polyester resin (b-UPR). Bio-derived acryloyl-modified Kraft lignin (KfL-A) served as a vinyl
 reactive filler in the b-UPR matrix to create b-UPR/KfL-A composites. The structural
characterization of KfL-A and b-UPR involved the use of FTIR and NMR techniques. The
 mechanical properties of the newly fabricated composites were assessed through tensile strength,
 Vickers microhardness, and dynamic mechanical tests. The addition of KfL-A to the rigid b-UPR
 matrix enhanced material flexibility, resulting in less stiff and hard materials while preserving
 composite toughness. For instance, incorporating 10 wt.% of KfL-A in b-UPR led to a 17%
 reduction in hardness, a 48% decrease in tensile strength, and a 20% reduction in toughness.
 Positive environmental impact was achieved by incorporation of 64 wt.% of renewable and
 recycled raw material. Analogously prepared b-UPR/KfL composites showed structural
 inhomogeneity and somewhat better mechanical properties. Transmission (TEM) and scanning
(SEM) electron microscopies revealed a suitable relationship between mechanical and structural
 properties of composites in relation to the extent of KfL-A addition. The UL94V flammability
 rating confirmed that flame resistance increased proportionally with the KfL-A addition. Once
 deposited in a landfill, these composites are expected to disintegrate more easily than PET, causing less harm to the environment and contributing to sustainability in the plastics cycle.
PB  - Elsevier
T2  - Chemosphere
T1  - Unsaturated polyester resin based composites: A case study of lignin valorisation
SP  - 142144
DO  - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142144
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Salah Adeen Embirsh, Hifa and Vuksanović, Marija M. and Mladenović, Ivana O. and Knežević, Nataša and Milošević, Milena and Mijatov, Slavko and Jančić-Heinemann, Radmila and Marinković, Aleksandar",
year = "2024",
abstract = "Materials from green resources boast a low carbon footprint, forming the foundation of
 the circular economy approach in materials science. Thus, in this study, waste poly(ethylene
terephthalate) (PET) was subjected to depolymerization using propylene glycol (PG), and
subsequent polycondensation with bio-based maleic anhydride (MA) produced unsaturated
 polyester resin (b-UPR). Bio-derived acryloyl-modified Kraft lignin (KfL-A) served as a vinyl
 reactive filler in the b-UPR matrix to create b-UPR/KfL-A composites. The structural
characterization of KfL-A and b-UPR involved the use of FTIR and NMR techniques. The
 mechanical properties of the newly fabricated composites were assessed through tensile strength,
 Vickers microhardness, and dynamic mechanical tests. The addition of KfL-A to the rigid b-UPR
 matrix enhanced material flexibility, resulting in less stiff and hard materials while preserving
 composite toughness. For instance, incorporating 10 wt.% of KfL-A in b-UPR led to a 17%
 reduction in hardness, a 48% decrease in tensile strength, and a 20% reduction in toughness.
 Positive environmental impact was achieved by incorporation of 64 wt.% of renewable and
 recycled raw material. Analogously prepared b-UPR/KfL composites showed structural
 inhomogeneity and somewhat better mechanical properties. Transmission (TEM) and scanning
(SEM) electron microscopies revealed a suitable relationship between mechanical and structural
 properties of composites in relation to the extent of KfL-A addition. The UL94V flammability
 rating confirmed that flame resistance increased proportionally with the KfL-A addition. Once
 deposited in a landfill, these composites are expected to disintegrate more easily than PET, causing less harm to the environment and contributing to sustainability in the plastics cycle.",
publisher = "Elsevier",
journal = "Chemosphere",
title = "Unsaturated polyester resin based composites: A case study of lignin valorisation",
pages = "142144",
doi = "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142144"
}

Salah Adeen Embirsh, H., Vuksanović, M. M., Mladenović, I. O., Knežević, N., Milošević, M., Mijatov, S., Jančić-Heinemann, R.,& Marinković, A.. (2024). Unsaturated polyester resin based composites: A case study of lignin valorisation. in Chemosphere
Elsevier., 142144.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142144

Salah Adeen Embirsh H, Vuksanović MM, Mladenović IO, Knežević N, Milošević M, Mijatov S, Jančić-Heinemann R, Marinković A. Unsaturated polyester resin based composites: A case study of lignin valorisation. in Chemosphere. 2024;:142144.
doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142144 .

Salah Adeen Embirsh, Hifa, Vuksanović, Marija M., Mladenović, Ivana O., Knežević, Nataša, Milošević, Milena, Mijatov, Slavko, Jančić-Heinemann, Radmila, Marinković, Aleksandar, "Unsaturated polyester resin based composites: A case study of lignin valorisation" in Chemosphere (2024):142144,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142144 . .